The Nervous System Flashcards
What are the functions of the nervous system?
The nervous system sends messages to the brain, and the brain then sends another message to the motor neurons, to carry out an action.
What is a stimulus? What is a response?
A stimulus is any change in the environment. A response is how we react to the stimulus.
What are two interactions between two systems of the body?
The resp. system takes in oxygen and keeps it in the air sacs, so the blood can take it in. The circ. system take CO2 into the air sacs, which the resp. system gets rid of through the mouth.
What is the brain? Spinal Cord? Sympathetic branch? Parasympathetic branch?
The brain is where a message from the body is sent to. It travels to the brain via the spinal cord. The sympathetic branch sends signals resulting to damage or fear. The parasympathetic branch is relaxed, and sends global messages to the body.
What are the six parts of a nerve cell? What do they do?
Cell Body: To protect the nucleus; Nucleus: To control the cell body; Myelin: Insulates axon; Axon:To carry impulses away from cell body; Axon tips: to lead impulses to neurons; Dendrites: to receive impulses from other neurons.
Why is a neuron’s structure perfects for its functions?
Because it is able to receive multiple impulses at once, and it can send multiple messages to the body cells. It also has a long axon.
What are the functions of Sensory, Connecting, and Motor neurons?
Sensory neurons take in messages and bring them to the brain and spinal cord. Connecting neurons connect other neurons; they are in the brain and spinal cord. Motor neurons take messages from brain and spinal cord and send them to the muscles of the body.
In order, which parts of a neuron does a signal travel through?
First the dendrites, then the cell body, the the axon, and then the axon tips.
What is a synapse? What is a neurotransmitter?
A synapse is where a impulse travels from a neuron dendrite to another neuron. Neurotransmitters are chemicals wich allow the impulse to travel through the synapse.
What are the two parts of the peripheral and central nervous systems?
The peripheral nervous system is made of motor and sensory neurons. The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord.
What are the five parts of the brain?
The cerebrum, the cerebellum, the brain stem, the spinal cord, and the pituitary gland.
What are the functions of these parts?
Cerebrum: to help with sight, hearing, touch, and taste, as well as thinking; Cerebellum: to control actions of muscles and maintain balance; Spinal Cord: to join the brain and peripheral nervous system; Brain Stem: to help control involuntary actions.
What is the function of the sympathetic nervous system? What happens within the body when the symp. nervous system is activated?
The function of the symp. nervous system is to react to panic or fear. When it is activated, the heart rate increases, there is faster breathing, and more blood flows to the muscles.
What is a reflex and what is its function?
A reflex is a movement that you control, and it is done for protection.
What three things protect the brain? What three things protect the spinal cord?
The brain is protected by the skull, fluid and membranes. The spinal cord is protected by vertebrae, spinal disk, fluid, and membranes.
