The Five Senses Flashcards
What do the pupils do when introduced to light? To a spot with little light?
When there is a lot of light, the pupils grow smaller; when there is not a lot of light, the pupils grow.
How is the cornea kept moist?
The cornea is kept moist because of the tears inside the eye.
What are the six main parts of the eye?
The lens, the pupil, the cornea, the retina, the optic lens, and the iris.
What are the functions of these six parts?
Cornea: to let light in, and to help focus; Iris: to regulate how much light enters the eye; Pupil: to allow light into the eye; Lens: to be able to see objects both near and far; Retina: to enable sight of black, white, gray, and colored objects (rods = black and white, cones = colors); Optic Nerve: to send the upside down image to the brain.
What happens to the lens when looking at a far away object? A near object?
When looking at a near object, the lens of the eye is rounder, and the muscles are relaxed. Vice versa, when looking at a far away object, the lens is flatter, and the muscles are tense.
How does the eye determine whether something is near or far away?
The closer the object, the more the eye must converge, the greater the difference between the view through the left eye and the view through the right eye, and the more the muscles must tense up.
What are the three sections and six major parts of the ear?
The Outer Ear, Middle Ear, and inner ear. The eardrum, hammer and anvil, cochlea, auditory nerve, Semicircular Canals, and the Eustachian Tube.
What are the functions of these six parts?
Cochlea: to receive vibrations and send sensory neurons to the brain. Auditory Nerve: to send sensory neurons from the cochlea to the brain; Semi-circular Canals: to help maintain balance within the body; Eustachian Tube: to equalize pressure from the middle ear and outside; Eardrum: to vibrate when in contact with sound waves; Wax: To protect the Eustachian Tube.
What is the largest sensory organ, and what sense is it for?
The skin is the largest sensory organ, and it is used for touch.
What is an example for the nervous system for each of the five major concepts?
Diffusion: responses diffuse from a neuron’s dendrites, to another neuron’s cell body. Homeostasis: the brain stem keeps the body in homeostasis. Structure/Function: The lens of the eye is either concave or convex, depending on how much light is in the environment. Systems: the eye is able to send images to the brain, and the brain can send responses to the nose, mouth, and muscles. Surface Area: the retina has a large surface area, so that many places where the eye sees will send the image to the brain.
