The Nervous System

Question 1

The Nervous system is divided into the?

Answer 1

The Central Nervous System (CNS) & The Peripheral Nervous System

Question 2

What does the CNS consist of?

Answer 2

The brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves and spinal nerves

Question 3

What does the peripheral nervous system consist of?

Answer 3

Everything else (when they leave the skull and spine)

Question 4

How many pairs of cranial nerves does the CNS include?

Answer 4

12

Question 5

How many pairs of spinal nerves does the CNS include?

Answer 5

31

Question 6

The peripheral nervous system consists of what kind of receptors?

Answer 6

Sensory receptors

Question 7

The peripheral nervous system is made up of what 3 things?

Answer 7

Sensory receptors, cranial and spinal nerves

Question 8

How many pairs of cranial and spinal nerves does the peripheral nervous system have?

Answer 8

12 & 31

Question 9

The peripheral Nervous System is Divided into what two divisions?

Answer 9

efferent and afferent

Question 10

The efferent nerves relay information from the ____ to the ____?

Answer 10

Central nervous system to the relevant muscles of the body

Question 11

The efferent nerves allow you to what?

Answer 11

Perform motor tasks

Question 12

Efferent nerves are subdivided into what 2 nervous systems?

Answer 12

the somatic and autonomic nervous systems

Question 13

The somatic nervous system connects _____ and the ___?

Answer 13

central nervous system and the skeletal muscles

Question 14

The somatic nervous system allows the central nervous system to?

Answer 14

control movement

Question 15

The autonomic nervous system is divided into what 2 divisions?

Answer 15

sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 16

The autonomic nervous system controls what functions of the body?

Answer 16

Involuntary internal functions (those you don’t have to think about)

Question 17

Your sympathetic nervous system is best known for its role in responding to?

Answer 17

dangerous/ stressful situations

Question 18

What are the effects of the sympathetic nervous system? Give 2 examples and it’s reason for doing so

Answer 18

speed up your heart rate & deliver more blood to areas of your body that need more oxygen to help your get out of danger.

Question 19

The parasympathetic nervous system does what to the body? Give an example

Answer 19

‘Calms it down’ - can slow heart rate down to 20-30 beats a minute

Question 20

The parasympathetic nervous system predominates when?

Answer 20

at rest

Question 21

The parasympathetic nervous system plays in an important role in doing what to the body? Give 4 examples

Answer 21

digestion, urination, conservation of energy and glandular secretion

Question 22

Afferent nerves relay information about the relationship between your ____ and the _____ from _____ receptors to your ______?

Answer 22

between your body and the environment from sensory receptors to your CNS

Question 23

Afferent neurons carry information from _____ to the _____, and then the _____ process the information

Answer 23

sensory receptors to the CNS and interneurons process the the information

Question 24

efferent neurons send information from the _____ to the ______

Answer 24

CNS to the effectors

Question 25

Neurons consist of a ____ or ____ that contains what 4 things?

Answer 25

A cell body or Soma that contains a nucleus, dendrites, an axon, and a myelin sheath

Question 26

Dendrites within a cell do what?

Answer 26

carry nerve impulses towards the soma

Question 27

An Axon within a cell does what?

Answer 27

carries impulses away from the soma

Question 28

The myelin sheath that surrounds ______ within a cell provides _____ to increase the _______

Answer 28

surrounds most neurons providing electrical insulation to increase the speed of a nerve impulse

Question 29

A neutron can be stimulated by what 4 things?

Answer 29

pressure, heat, light, or chemical information from other cells

Question 30

Neural transmission occurs when?

Answer 30

a neuron is activated and sends out an electrical impulse

Question 31

At a neuromuscular junction, neurotransmitters travel across the _____ and bind to the ________

Answer 31

synapse and bind to the sarcolemma.

Question 32

Strong stimulation of a neuron results in the ______ and stops when the _______

Answer 32

contraction of the muscle fibre. It stops when the central nervous system stops sending impulses

Question 33

The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is a synaptic connection between the

Answer 33

terminal end of a motor nerve and a muscle (skeletal/ smooth/ cardiac).

Question 34

Axon terminals are close to the _____ of neighbouring neurons. When the nerve impulse reaches an ________ it causes the release of a chemical known as a _______ which travels across the gap or _______ between a ____ and the _____ of the neighbouring neuron.

Answer 34

dendrites, axon terminal, neurotransmitter, synapse, terminal and the dendrite

Question 34

A nerve impulse passes through a neuron starting at a _______ Then it travels through the cell body, down the _____ to an _____.

Answer 34

dendrite, axon, axon terminal
(this is easy to remember because when you pick up an object the sensation travels from your fingers through your hand and down your arm)

Question 35

Neurotransmitters stick to _____ in the neighbouring ____ and trigger a nerve impulse that travels down the _____, across the _____, down the ____ and so on. The entire impulse passes through a neuron in about ______ milliseconds, which is faster than a lightning strike.

Answer 35

receptors, dendrite, dendrite, cell body, axon, 7 milliseconds