The Nervous System

Question 1

What does the nervous system consist of?

Answer 1

*Brain, spinal cord & nerve cells
*Central Nervous System & Peripheral Nervous System

Question 2

What is the difference in characteristics between the CNS & PNS?

Answer 2

*CNS=decision making part (brain &spinal cord)
*PNS=messaged to/from brain (nerves)

Question 3

Describe the Somatic Nervous System

Answer 3

*Controls skeletal muscles
*Controls voluntary movements

Question 4

Describe the Autonomic Nervous System

Answer 4

*Controls involuntary functions such as heat rate.
*Can control skeletal muscles if rapid response is required.
*Consists of two branches of systems: Sympathetic & Parasympathetic

Question 5

Describe the difference between the Sympathetic & Parasympathetic systems

Answer 5

*Sympathetic=fight or flight
*Parasympathetic=rest & digest
(think of para as retard)

Question 6

Draw a map of the Nervous System

Answer 6

*refer to diagrams booklet

Question 7

What elements make up a nerve cell

Answer 7

*Myelin
*Cell Body
*Dendrites
*Axon
*Axon Terminal

Question 8

Draw a nerve cell

Answer 8

*refer to diagrams booklet

Question 9

Describe the difference between a Sensory neuron, Interneuron & Motor neuron

Answer 9

*Sensory Neuron=information in to the brain/spinal cord & cell body in the middle of the axon.
*Interneuron=passes messages through the central nervous system & no myelin sheath.
*Motor Neuron=passes messages away from brain/spinal cord to the part of the body carrying out a response & has cell body at the end of nerve cell & myelin present.

Question 10

Draw a Sensory neuron, Interneuron & Motor neuron

Answer 10

*refer to diagrams booklet

Question 11

Draw the synapse

Answer 11

*refer to diagrams booklet

Question 12

List the parts of the eye

Answer 12

*Iris
*Pupil
*Lens
*Cornea
*Retina
*Optic nerve
*Blind spot
*Vitreous humour
*Sclera
*Choroid

Question 13

Draw a diagram of the eye

Answer 13

• refer to diagrams booklet

Question 14

Describe ‘Action Potential’

Answer 14

*A rapid sequence of changes in the voltage across a membrane.
*Electrical impulses down the nerve cell
*Nerves are initially inactive=polarised
*Inside of the nerve cell is more negative, outside is more positive

Question 15

What is resting potential?

Answer 15

*Inside the cytoplasm is more negative, fluid is more positive (resting potential)
(refer to diagrams booklet)

Question 16

Describe the Sodium-Potassium Pump

Answer 16

*Pump on the surface of axon
-moves 3x sodium ions out of cell
-moves 2x potassium ions into the cell

Question 17

Draw the action potential graph

Answer 17

*refer to diagrams booklet