The Nervous System Flashcards
What is the nervous system?
A complex network of nerve cells and fibres that coordinate actions and sensory information by transmitting nerve impulses between body parts
What is the structure of the Nervous system?
Nervous system
↙️ ↘️
Central Peripheral
-Brain -Somatic
-Spinal Cord -Autonomic⬇️
1.Sympathetic
2.Parasympathetic
What does the spinal cord do?
- Connects brain and peripheral nervous system
- Coordinates REFLEXES without intervention of brain
What does the peripheral nervous system do?
Carries messages to and from CNS
Difference between somatic & Autonomic Nervous system?
Somatic-controls voluntary muscles, transmits sensory info to CNS
Autonomic-Controls involuntary body functions
Sympathetic VS Parasympathetic?
Sympathetic-arouses body to expend energy (fight/flight)
Parasympathetic-calms to maintain energy
What are neurons?
- Smallest unit of the nervous system
- uses electrical impulses and chemical signals to transmit information
How many neurons are in the brain
100 billion
Name the parts and structure of a neuron
- Cell membrane
- Dendrites
- Nucleus
- Cell body (soma)
- Axon
- Myelin Sheath
- Nodes of Ranvier
- Olygodendrocite
- Synapse
What is a synapse?
The gap between two neurons between which nerve impulses pass through diffusion of neurotransmitters
Olygodendrocite vs Schwan cell?
Both are specialized glial cells that generate myelin sheaths.
Olygodendrocite-CNS. Can myelinate multiple axons.
Schwan-Peripheral. Only one axon per cell.
What are glial cells?
- Non neural
- Provide physical and metabolic support for neurons
Difference between glands and organs?
Glands-Release hormones
Organs- look into basic functions of the body
Name for neuron before and after neuron in discussion?
Pre Synaptic
Post synaptic
What are the functions of the nucleus?
- Contains genetic info
- Ensures and regulates health and function of neuron
What are the different types of neurons?
- Motor
- Sensory
- Inter
What is the nature of the cell membrane?
Semi permiable
Function of node of ranvier?
Speeds up electrical message coming down axon
What to endocrine chemicals do?
Make communication between neurons possible
