The Neoclassical Period and the Enlightenment

Question 1

What is another name for the age of enlightenment?

Answer 1

The age of reason

Question 2

Who said “The age we live in is a busy age, in which knowledge is rapidly advancing towards perfection”?

Answer 2

English philosopher Jeremy Bentham

Question 3

What was the goal of the Encyclopédie?

Answer 3

The Encyclopedia was a project started by French writers and thinkers to collect human knowledge in one place

Question 4

Why did Deists oppose both religious and political authority?

Answer 4

I believe that each individual needed to be equally free to work out his or her own destiny

Question 5

For Locke and the empiricists, what aid moral behavior based on?

Answer 5

Pleasure and pain

Question 6

What did Rousseau believe was an example of a barbaric practice justified by an over rationalized society?

Answer 6

Slavery

Question 7

Do deists believe in prayer, ritual, and ceremony?

Answer 7

No. Deists believe prayer, ritual, and ceremony are not logical and have no value b/c their god (although is a grand designer and creator), he is not a personal friend or consoler

Question 8

How does Wollstonecraft feel about Rousseau’s idea that girls naturally prefer dressing, dolls, and talking?

Answer 8

Wollstonecraft argues that girls learn these behaviors from watching their female relatives in their restricted lives.

Question 9

Why was the novel an appropriate medium for conveying the theme of sympathy?

Answer 9

The novel was longer, which allowed for more emotional complexity

Question 10

How does the novel Candide reflect period themes?

Answer 10

The novel attacks a number of different social and religious actions and institutions. Votarie’s satire is asking readers to look candidly at evil.

Question 11

Who was Jean Baptiste Poquelin?

Answer 11

Jean Batise Poquelin (stage name Molière) was a leading playwright from France

Question 12

Did female actors perform in Neoclassical productions?

Answer 12

Yes. The use a female actors in neoclassical plays was a new convention in England, women had acted in other European countries in previous periods

Question 13

During this period productions , actors spoke highly stylized languages while wearing elaborate costumes.

Answer 13

Neoclassical Period Productions

Question 14

What did neo classical period Artists celebrate?

Answer 14

Civic virtue and morality

Question 15

What type of painting was Angelica Kauffmann known for?

Answer 15

Portraits

Question 16

Name three examples of neo classical architecture

Answer 16

Monticello in Virginia
Brandenburg Gate in Berlin
The Panthéon in Paris

Question 17

What elements found in the painting “Oath of the Horacio” Indicated that it is representing of the neo classical period?

Answer 17

The anguished figures of the women reflected in the notion that they are designed to lose their husbands as there was a prevailing notion that allegiance to country was more important than allegiance to family

Question 18

The painting “The Death of Marat” links Marat to what historical figure?

Answer 18

Christ

Question 19

What is unusual about Mozart’s work “Eine kleine Nachtmusik”?

Answer 19

One of the mystery surrounding Mozart’s “Eine kleine Nachtmusik” is the fifth movement is lost

Question 20

What life stressors may have influenced the mood and tone of Mozart’s “Symphony No. 4 in G minor”?

Answer 20

Mozart’s wife’s ill health put a serious strain on him and coupled with a decline of popularity and his father‘s death, may have contributed to the discord, frantic tone of this piece

Question 21

This musical term indicates that the note should be short and separate, like the ticking of the clock 

Answer 21

Staccato

Question 22

What does classical music focus on?

Answer 22

Balance, order, and structural clarity

Question 23

What was a trend that was highly encouraged during the Enlightenment?

Answer 23

The diversity of information brought about higher thinking

Question 24

What philosophy was widely popular during the Enlightenment?

Answer 24

Enlightenment thinkers believed that individual thought both challenged existing traditions and would transcend socio-political, racial, and religious boundaries

Question 25

How were spirituals (slave songs) preformed?

Answer 25

Spirituals were usually performed a cappella, or without instruments.

Question 26

A play by Molière that utilizes satire to expose hypocrisy and offer religious and social criticism

Answer 26

Tartuffe

Question 27

Musical composition by Haydn in which the strings create a rhythmic sound that imitates a ticking clock

Answer 27

Symphony No 101 in D Major

Question 28

A 35 - volume compilation of human knowledge that is viewed as one of the crowning achievements of Enlightenment thinking

Answer 28

Encyclopedie

Question 29

Johnathan Swift’s satire of human nature

Answer 29

Gulliver’s Travels

Question 30

Painting by Jacques-Louis David that shows three brothers swearing their allegiance to Rome and that became in inspiration for French Revolutionaries

Answer 30

Oath of the Horatii

Question 31

What would a deist philosopher during the Enlightenment subscribe to?

Answer 31

Deist would believe that God created the universe and decreed its order

Question 32

What philosophical approach relies on direct observation and experimentation?

Answer 32

Empiricism

Question 33

What did Classical music coincide with?

Answer 33

It coincided with the Neoclassical movement in the visual arts and emphasized lyrical melodies over more homophonic texture

Question 34

How did the slave narratives affect cultural exchange and diversity within the Enlightenment period?

Answer 34

Social progress was aided through realistic depictions of the living conditions of slaves

Question 35

How does the Neoclassical period influence contemporary culture?

Answer 35

Contemporary political satire(like the Daily Show) traces its roots to the use of political satire in the Neoclassical Period

Question 36

What are the major themes of The Enlightenment?

Answer 36

Deism, Empiricism, and Order

Question 37

Why is Voltaire’s novel “Candide” a significant work from the Enlightenment?

Answer 37

It is skeptical of philosophers who believe this is the best of all possible worlds

Question 38

Why is Jacques-Louis David’s painting “The Death if Marat” typical of the Neoclassical style?

Answer 38

It uses sharp, clean lines and chiaroscuro and the figure has a sculpture quality, inspired by Classical statues

Question 39

How did the rise of capitalism affect cultural exchange in the Enlightenment?

Answer 39

The rise of capitalism helped to increase the exchange of information, allowing intellectuals to form new opinions rather than relying on a bias of tradition

Question 40

Why did many Enlightenment thinkers reject slavery?

Answer 40

They embraced the dignity of individual human reason and thought, regardless of racial background

Question 41

What are characteristic uses of political satire?

Answer 41

To criticize and entertain