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History: Germany in Transition 1919-1939 > The Nazi rise to power and the end of the Weimar Republic > Flashcards

The Nazi rise to power and the end of the Weimar Republic Flashcards

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1
Q

Who founded the German Works Part (DAP) and when?

A
  • 1919
  • Anton Drexler
  • Munich, Bavaria
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2
Q

When did Hitler join the DAP?

A
  • September 1919
  • Drexler was impressed after he attended a meeting
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3
Q

How many members did the DAP have by the end of 1919?

A

50

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4
Q

What was Hitler’s early position within the DAP?

A
  • Responsible for recruitment and propaganda
  • Good public speaker
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5
Q

When was the 25 point programme created and what was it?

A
  • February 1920
  • Political manifest
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6
Q

What was added to the DAP to make it the NSDAP?

A

Nationalist Socialist

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7
Q

What was the NSDAP newspaper called and when did it begin publishing?

A
  • The Volkisher Beobachter (‘People’s Observer’)
  • 1920
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8
Q

When did Hitler become leader of the NSDAP?

A

July 1921

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9
Q

What was the Fuhrerprinzip?

A
  • Hitler adopted title of Fuhrer ‘leader’, absolute power and authority
  • Leadership principle
  • Became the cornerstone of the party organisation
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10
Q

What symbols did Hitler adopt for the NSDAP?

A
  • Swastika
  • One armed salute
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11
Q

When did Hitler create a protection squad and what did this develop into?

A
  • 1921
  • Developed into the Sturmabteilung, SA (stormtroopers)
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12
Q

Who led the SA?

A

Ernst Rohm

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13
Q

What did Nazi membership grow to 1920-1923?

A

Grew from 1100 in 1920 to 55,000 in 1923

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14
Q

When was the Munich Putsch?

A

November 1923

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15
Q

What inspired the Munich Putsch?

A

Benito Mussolini’s seizure of power in Italy in 1922

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16
Q

Who led the Bavarian government?

A

Von Kahr, army chief von Lossow and police chief von Seisser

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17
Q

When did the Nazis seize the Burgerbraukeller and what happened?

A
  • 8th Nov 1923
  • Hitler and 600 Nazis seized the building
  • The Bavarian government was meeting
  • Hitler convinced the three leaders to support his planned takeover
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18
Q

What happened on the 9th November 1923 that affected the Munich Putsch?

A
  • Von Seisser and von Lossow changed their minds, and organised troops to resist Hitler’s planned march through Munich
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19
Q

What was the result of the Munich Putsch?

A
  • Hitler proceeds with the march however he is easily overpowered by the well-armed police force
  • Sixteen Nazis and four policemen were killed
  • Hitler disappeared but is arrested two days later, the same day that the Nazi Party was banned
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20
Q

What was Hitler charged of for the Munich Putsch and who with?

A
  • Treason
  • General Ludendorff
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21
Q

When did Hitler’s trial begin and how long did it last?

A

February 1924, it lasted one month.

22
Q

What did Hitler use his trial for?

A

A public platform to announce his political beliefs to a national audience

23
Q

When was Hitler found guilty and what was his sentence?

A
  • 1st April 1924 Hitler found guilty of treason
  • Judges treated him leniently and gave him minimum sentence of 5 years
24
Q

How long did Hitler serve his sentence and where?

A
  • Nine months
  • Landsberg prison
25
Q

What did Hitler complete during his time in prison?

A
  • His autobiography Mein Kampf (‘My Struggle’), containing his political views
26
Q

What were key ideas of Mein Kampf?

A
  • Abolition of the Treaty of Versailles
  • The elimination of Jews from Germany
  • Created the idea of Volksgemeinschaft (people’s community). The strongest races dominate the weakest
  • Hitler’s desire for Lebensraum (living space) to create a greater Germany where all German speaking people would be incorporated into the nation
27
Q

When was the Nazi party relaunched?

A

February 1924

28
Q

What happened during the Bamberg conference and when was it?

A
  • Hitler appoints Gregor Strasser as Propaganda Leader
  • 1926
29
Q

What was Josef Goebbels position in 1926?

A

Gauleiter (local party leader), of Berlin

30
Q

What does Hitler force Rohm to do 1926?

A

Resign as SA leader

31
Q

What was Hitler’s bodyguard unit called?

A

The Schutzstaffel, which became known as the SS

32
Q

What was Hitler’s youth group called>

A

The HitlerJugend (Hitler Youth)

33
Q

How was the 25 Point Programme amended in 1928?

A

To say that privately owned land would be confiscated if owned by a Jew

34
Q

What did Nazi party numbers grow to 1925-1928?

A
  • 27,000 members in 1925
  • Over 100,000 by the end of 1928
35
Q

How many seats in Parliament did the Nazi party win in 1928?

A
  • 12 seats despite having held 32 in 1924
36
Q

Who replaces Strasser as propaganda leader?

A

Goebbels

37
Q

What was the effect of the 1929 Wall Street Crash?

A
  • Creates an economic disaster and unemployment began to rise again in Germany
  • People therefore looked toward more radical political parties such as the Nazi party
38
Q

What did the USA do affecting Germany after the Wall Street Crash?

A

Withdrew loans from the Dawes Plan

39
Q

What happened to trade during the Great Depression?

A

International trade began to contract and the German exports fell rapidly in the years after 1929

40
Q

What was the unemployment figure in early 1932?

A

Exceeded 6 million

41
Q

What extreme party other than the Nazi party grew rapidly during the Great Depression?

A

The German Communist Party (KPD)

42
Q

Who replaced Muller as chancellor in March 1930?

A
  • Henrich Bruning of the Centre Party
  • Bruning did not have majority and had to rely on president Hindenburg using Article 48
43
Q

What was the Nazi Party’s position following the September 1930 general election?

A

Nazis became the second biggest party in Germany

44
Q

How many newspapers did the Nazis own in the early 1930s and how did this benefit the party?

A
  • 120
  • Goebbles was able to promote the ideals and image of the party in local, regional and presidential elections
45
Q

How many seats did the Nazi Party have following the 1930 election?

A

They gained 107 seats, 95 more than the previous election

46
Q

What happened during the 1932 presidential elections?

A
  • Hitler defeated by Hindenburg
  • The Nazis won 230 seats and had become the largest party in the Reichstag
47
Q

What did Von Papen do in 1932?

A
  • Dissolved Reichstag
  • Did not relinquish his post and begun scheming with President Hindenburg
47
Q

How many seats do the Nazi Party have following the November 1932 election?

A

Nazis share of the vote drops to 196 seats in November election, however they are still the largest party

48
Q

Who replaces von Papen as chancellor?

A

Von Schleicher

49
Q

What government does von Papen convince Hindenberg would save Germany?

A

A coalition government with Hitler as chancellor would save Germany

50
Q

When does Hitler become chancellor?

A

30th January 1933

History: Germany in Transition 1919-1939 (5 decks)

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