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History: Germany in Transition 1919-1939 > Nazi economic, social and racial policy > Flashcards

Nazi economic, social and racial policy Flashcards

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1
Q

Who was The National Labour Service Corps (Reichsarbeitsdienst, RAD) made compulsory for from 1935?

A

Men aged 18-25

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2
Q

When was the RAD extended to women?

A

1939

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3
Q

What was the intention of the RAD?

A

To encourage the spirit of National Socialism whilst also providing Germany with a cheap labour force

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4
Q

How did Nazis keep down unemployment figures?

A
  • Dubious methods e.g. not including Jews
  • Build up of armed forces
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5
Q

What was the result of Nazi road building programmes?

A

7000kms of autobahns built

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6
Q

How many workers were listed as unemployed out of a workforce of 25 million in 1939?

A

35,000

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7
Q

When was conscription reintroduced and what effect did this have on the German army?

A
  • 1935
  • The army grew from 100,000 in 1933 to 1,400,000 by 1939
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8
Q

What happened to heavy industry usage between 1933 and 1939?

A

Heavy industries such as coal and chemical usage doubled

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9
Q

How many marks were spent of rearmament?

A
  • 3.5 billion marks were spent on rearmament
  • This increased to 26 billion by 1939
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10
Q

How many members did the DAF have by the end of 1939?

A

22 million members, making it the largest organisation in Nazi Germany

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11
Q

What did the DAF include?

A

Employers and workers and was supposed to represent the the interests of both

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12
Q

What were members of the DAF given?

A
  • Relatively high wages
  • Job security
  • Social and leisure programmes
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13
Q

What was the Volkswagen scheme launched by the DAF in 1938?

A
  • Gave workers an opportunity to buy their own car
  • Not a single customer took delivery of a car as production shifted to military vehicles in 1939
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14
Q

What was the Strength through joy (KdF) programme?

A
  • Set up to improve leisure time for German workers
  • This included concerts, sporting events and holidays
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15
Q

How many people went on KdF holidays in Germany in 1938?

A

10 million

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16
Q

What was the Beauty of Work programme set up by the KdF?

A
  • A programme set up to improve working conditions
  • It organised the building of canteens, swimming pools and sports facilities
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17
Q

What was the Nazi view of women?

A
  • Very traditional
  • Nazi ideals suggested that the ideal woman did not wear make up, did not work and did not hold an interest in politics.
  • Women were encouraged to keep healthy and wear their hair in buns or plaits.
  • Women were discouraged from slimming as this was bad for childbearing
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18
Q

What was the Law for the Encouragement of Marriage and when was it introduced?

A

Introduced in 1933 to increase Germany’s birth rate.

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19
Q

What happened on Hitler’s mother’s birthday?

A
  • Medals were awarded to women with large families
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20
Q

What was the Lebensborn (Life Springs) programme?

A

Set up to force unmarried women to become pregnant by ‘racially pure’ SS men

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21
Q

What were the 3 Ks that women were encouraged to stick to?

A

Kinder, Kuche, Kirche – Children, Kitchen, Church

22
Q

What were professional women forced to do?

A

Give up their jobs

23
Q

When was the policy that forced women to give up their jobs reversed and why?

A
  • From 1937
  • Germany was rearming. Men were joining the army
24
Q

What did Hitler use the education system to do?

A

Indoctrinate the Nazi ideals onto Germany’s youth

25
Q

What did school textbooks have to be approved by?

A
  • The Ministry of education
  • Mein Kampf became a standard text
26
Q

What did school teachers have to do?

A
  • Swear loyalty to Hitler
  • Join the Nazi Teachers’ League
27
Q

What percentage of teachers were members of the Nazi party by the end of 1936?

A

36%

28
Q

What did all lessons begin and end with?

A

The students saluting and saying ‘Heil Hitler’

29
Q

What percentage of time was dedicated to physical education?

A

15%

30
Q

What was enforced through Hitler Youth?

A

Nazi ideals such as obedience, following the Fuhrer and racial purity

31
Q

When was membership of Hitler Youth made compulsory?

A

From 1939

32
Q

How many members of Hitler Youth were there by 1939?

A

7 million

33
Q

How were non-Germnans treated?

A

Like second class citizens

34
Q

What were Hitler’s theories based on?

A

Social Darwinism

35
Q

What did Nazis believe about the German race?

A

Germans were a pure race of Aryan descent

36
Q

What were Jews and Slavs considered by the Nazis?

A

‘subhumans’ (Untermenschen)

37
Q

How did Hitler aim to achieve a pure racial state?

A

Selective breeding and destroying the Jews

38
Q

What did the government put into classrooms?

A

Anti-semitic material

39
Q

When were Jewish teachers banned to give private tuition to German students?

A

1936

40
Q

When were all Jewish children expelled from German schools?

A

1938

41
Q

What happened to discrimination in the 1930s?

A

Legal and open discrimination increased in the 1930s, resulting in many Jews leaving Germany

42
Q

Who organised and when was the boycott of Jewish shops and businesses?

A
  • Organised by the SA
  • 1933
43
Q

When were Jews banned from public spaces?

A

1934

44
Q

What were the Nuremberg Laws and when were they passed?

A
  • A series of laws against the Jews
  • Passed 1935
45
Q

What happened on the 8th November 1938?

A
  • A Polish Jew assassinates a German, in the German Embassy, in Paris
  • Goebbles used this as an opportunity for retaliation against the Jews of Germany
46
Q

What was Kristallnacht?

A

Anti-Jewish demonstrations , which involved attacks on Jewish property, shops and synagogues across Germany
The events happened on the 9-10 November

47
Q

What was the result of Kristallnacht?

A
  • About 100 Jews were killed
  • 20,000 were sent to concentration camps
  • 7,500 businesses were destroyed
  • Jews were no longer permitted to own businesses
48
Q

Who did Hitler blame for provoking the attacks of Kristallnacht?

A

The Jews

49
Q

How much were the Jews fined as compensation for the damage during Kristallnacht?

A

1 billion Reichsmarks

50
Q

When was the Reich Office for Jewish Emigration established?

A

January 1939

51
Q

When were jews evicted and where were they forced to live?

A
  • From 30th April 1939
  • Forced to live in ghettos
52
Q

Why were Jews forced to hand in radio sets in 1939?

A

So that they could not listen to foreign news

History: Germany in Transition 1919-1939 (5 decks)

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