The Nature of Emotion Flashcards
Define: emotion
a state of arousal involving…
- facial and bodily changes
- brain activation
- cognitive appraisals
- subjective feelings
- tendencies toward action
In defining emotion, the focus is on __________, ___________, and ___________ that shape experience and expression of emotion.
- physiological changes
- cognitive processes
- cultural influences
Define: primary emotions
-considered to be universal and biologically based
have distinct physiological patterns and facial expressions
Define: secondary emotions
-emotions that are specific to certain cultures
Lately, some argue that ______ is also a basic emotion.
-pride
Authentic smiles last __ seconds, fake smiles last ____.
- 2 seconds
- up to 10 seconds
Facial expressions not only reflect internal feelings, they…
-influence them
Define: facial feedback
-process by which facial muscles send messages to the brain about the basic emotion being expressed
Different parts of the brain are involved in different components of emotional experience, which are…
- recognizing another person’s emotion
- feeling an emotion
- expressing an emotion
- acting on an emotion
The right prefrontal cotrex is specialized for…
-impulse to withdraw or escape
The left prefrontal cortex is specialized for…
-motivation to approach others
Parts of prefrontal cortex are also involved in _________.
-regulation of emotion
________ plays a key role in emotion, especially anger and fear.
-amygdala
______ instantly assesses danger or threat, and this initial response may be overridden by ______.
- amygdala
- cerebral cortex
Define: mirror neurons
-brain cells that fire when a person or animal observes others carrying out an action
Mirror neurons are involved in…
-empathy, imitation, and reading emotions
____________ is the spreading of an emotion from one person to another.
-mood contagion
Once emotion brain areas are activated, the next stage is…
-release of hormones to enable you to respond quickly
Hormones that get released during stress or intense emotions are…
-their physiological origin is…
- epinephrine, norepinephrine
- released by adrenal glands, part of the, sympathetic nervous system, part of the autonomic nervous system
_______ provides the energy and engulfing nature of emotion.
-epinephrine
Physiology of emotion involves ______ ______, activity in _______ and __________, ___ ___, and ____________ activity that prepares body for action.
- facial expressions
- amygdala
- specialized parts of prefrontal cortex
- mirror neurons
- sympathetic nervous system
Emotions are often created an influenced by…
- beliefs
- perceptions
- expectations
- attributions
Emotions you feel depend more on __________ rather than the actual situation.
-your personal explanation
All theories of emotion hold that ________, ______, and _______ are essential to the creation of most emotions.
- beliefs
- attributions
- meanings people give to situations
