The Nature Of Criminality in the UK Today Flashcards
What are the two sources of gov crime statistics in the UK, what’s different
-recorded by the police
-recorded in the crime survey for England and wales (CSEW)
CSEW measures publics perception of crime, tends to use broader categories than the police use to record crime
Name the 7 CSEW categories of crime
-Violent crime
-Sexual offences and intimate personal violence
-Robbery offences
-Theft offences
-Criminal damage and arson
-Fraud and computer misuse offences
-Other crimes against society
What is violent crime?
Violence against a person, which can range from murder, manslaughter, or knife attack to common assault.
What is sexual violence or intimate personal violence?
These are recorded into two groups: rape or other sexual offences
What are robbery offences
An offence in which force or the threat of force is used either during or immediately prior to theft or attempted theft.
What are theft offences?
Involve burglary, offences against vehicles, theft from a person, bicycle theft, shoplifting and all other theft offences.
What is criminal damage and arson
Defined as intentional or malicious damage to the home, other property or vehicle
What are fraud and computer misuse offences
Credit card fraud, Internet or insurance deception, identity theft
What are other crimes against society?
Anti social behaviour, hate crimes
What is recorded crime, how’s it different to CSEW records
Crimes reported to the police.
Recorded crime covers a wider population and broader set of offences, doesn’t include any crimes that don’t come to their attention.
CSEW figures are based on face to face surveys that ask citizens about a range of crimes, including responses from adults and children, including crimes that are not reported to or recorded by the police.
From the 2012 gov report, what %s of prisoners…
24% = been in care in childhood
29% = experienced abuse
41% = observed violence at home as a child
37% = convicted family members, of those, 84% had family members who had been in prison
18% had family with alcohol problems, 14% drug
59% got in trouble at school a lot
63% suspended or temporarily excluded
42% permanent exclusion
What is the peak age and what gender commits crime the most
17 years old
Men
Female (51% of population) but only 15% of arrests, 5% prison population
6 factors affecting crime rate
Family background and educational performance.
Peer pressure.
State of the economy, declining economy leads to high unemployment.
Events such as demonstrations or large scale public events.
Police priorities and strategies.
Society’s perception of how far the police will be effective in preventing crime and apprehending criminals.
5 strategies to reduce crime
New laws and punishments.
Gov focus on a particular crime, with more available funds.
Private sector starters eg insurance companies encourage customers to buy additional security being rewarded with lower premiums.
The action of local neighbourhood watch schemes.
Investment in community support and youth facilities.
