The Nature And Variety Of Life

Question 1

What characteristics do all organisms share

Answer 1

-movement -respire -excretion -reproduce -grow -homeostasis -sensitivity -nutrition

Question 2

What are eukaryotic cells

Answer 2

Plants, animals, fungi, protoctists

Question 3

What features do plant organisms have

Answer 3

Multicellular, eukaryotic, chloroplasts = can photosynthesise, can store carbohydrates as starch or sucrose.

Question 4

What features do animal organisms have

Answer 4

Multicellular, eukaryotic, no chloroplast = no photosynthesis, nervous coordination, move around, often store carbohydrates as glycogen

Question 5

What features do fungi organisms have

Answer 5

Some are single celled, eukaryotic, cannot photosynthesis, usually have a body called mycelium = made up from hyphae (inside lots of nuclei), cell walls made of chitin, most feed saprotrophic nutrition (dissolve their food), stores carbohydrates as glycogen

Question 6

An example of a plant organism

Answer 6

Cereals = Maize, herbaceous legumes = peas, beans

Question 7

An example of animal organism

Answer 7

Mammals = humans, insects = houseflies and mosquitoes

Question 8

An example of a fungi organism

Answer 8

Yeast = single celled fungus, mucor = multicellular (mycelium and hyphae)

Question 9

What features do protoctists organisms have

Answer 9

Microscope Single celled, some chloroplast, similar to plant cells or animal cells, eukaryotic, some protoctists are pathogens

Question 10

An example of a protoctists organism

Answer 10

Chlorella = plant cell like, Amoeba = animal cell like lives in pond water

Question 11

What it the type of prokaryotic organism

Answer 11

Bacteria,

Question 12

How do you distinguish eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms

Answer 12

Eukaryotic cells are often multicellular but not always whilst prokaryotic cells are always unicellular

Question 13

What features do bacteria cells have

Answer 13

Microscopic single celled, don’t have a nucleus, they have a circular chromosome of DNA, some can photosynthesise, most bacteria feed off other organisms (both living and dead)

Question 14

What features do viruses have

Answer 14

Particles rather than cells, smaller then bacteria, reproduce inside living cells, like a parasite, infect all types of living organisms, different sizes and shapes, don’t have a cellular structure, have a protein coat around genetic material DNA or RNA

Question 15

An example of a virus

Answer 15

HIV, tobacco mosaic virus = makes leaves from tobacco plants discoloured stoping them from producing chloroplasts

Question 16

What are pathogens

Answer 16

Pathogens are organisms that can cause disease. They include fungi, protoctists, and bacteria. Viruses are also pathogens