The Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
What are the three types of muscle tissue?
Smooth, cardiac and skeletal
What is smooth muscle found?
Around the bodies internal organs
What is the shape of smooth muscle?
Spindle shapes fibres in dense sheets
What makes smooth muscle different from the other types of muscle?
It contracts slower than the other muscles, and can stay contracted for longer periods of time
True or false: the smooth muscle functions are voluntary
False
Where is the cardiac muscle found?
In the heart
What is the function of the cardiac muscles?
Creates action that pumps blood to the rest of the body
What controls the contractions of the cardiac muscle?
Involuntary contractions controlled by the autonomic nervous system
What is the autonomic nervous system?
Nerve fibres that send impulses from brain and spinal column to the heart muscle
Where is the skeletal muscle located?
It is the muscle that is attached to bone by tendons
What is the most prevalent muscle in the body?
The skeletal muscles
What is the muscle type that is voluntary?
Skeletal muscles
What muscles are striated or striped?
The cardiac and skeletal muscles
What components make up the musculoskeletal system?
Bones, skeletal muscles and joints
What are the seven ways muscles are named?
- Direction of muscle fibres
- Number of origins
- Size of muscle
- Location of the muscle and bone associated
- Location of muscles origin and insertion
- Action of the muscle
- Shape of the muscle
What does rectus mean when naming muscles?
The direction of the muscle fibres is straight
What does oblique mean when naming muscles?
The direction of the muscle fibres is slanted
What are the opposing pairs of muscle called?
Agonist and Antagonist
What is the responsibility of the Agonist muscle?
Responsible primarily for movement
What is the responsibility of the Antagonist muscles?
Opposes or reverses the movement of the Agonist muscle
True or false: when the agonist is active, the Antagonist is stretched/relaxed
True
What is a muscle origin?
The most stationary muscle attachment, no movement at this bone
What is the muscle insertion?
Muscle attachment to the bone that is moved the most
True or false: movement always happens in the direction of the origin
True
