The Muscular System Flashcards
What are the two types of the Muscle and what are their functions?
- Voluntary Muscles - Attached to the skeleton and are under your control. They help to mode the body.
- Involuntary Muscles - Work with internal organs without effort from you
What is the function of the Bicep
And give a sporting example
Flexion at the elbow.
E.g. When curling weights
What is the function of The tricep?
And give a sporting example
Extension at the elbow
E.g. During a jump shot in netball
What is the function of the Pectoralis Major?
And give a sporting example
Addiction and flexion at the shoulder.
E.g. During a forehand drive in tennis
What is the function of Hip Flexors?
And give a sporting example
Flexion of the leg at the hip.
E.g. Lifting the knee when sprinting
What is the function of the Gluteus Maximus?
And give a sporting example
Extension of the leg at the hip.
E.g. pushing the body forward while running
What is the function of the Deltoid?
And give a sporting example
Flexion, Extension, Abduction or Circumduction at the shoulder.
E.g. During front crawl in swimming
What is the function of the Latissimus Dorsi?
And give a sporting example
Extension, Adduction and rotation at the shoulder.
E.g. During butterfly stroke in swimming
What is the function of the External Obliques?
And give a sporting example
Rotation of flexion at the waist.
E.g preparing to throw a discus
What is the function of the Tibalis Anterior?
And give a sporting example
Dorsi- flexion at the ankle
E.g. During a heel side turn in snowboarding
What is the function of the Gastrocnemius?
And give a sporting example
Plantar- flexion at the ankle.
E.g. Standing on the toes in ballet pointe work.
What is the function of the quadriceps?
And give a sporting example
Extension at the knee.
E.g. When performing a drop kick in rugby
What is the function of the Hamstrings?
And give a sporting example
Flexion at the knee.
E.g. Bringing the foot back before kicking a football
What are antagonistic muscles?
Antagonistic muscles are pairs of muscles that work against each other.
What is the antagonistic pair at the knee?
And name what muscle is which at the different movements
Hamstrings And Quadriceps
- Flexion - agonist - Hamstrings
- antagonist - Quadriceps - Extension - agonist - Quadriceps
- antagonist - Hamstrings
What is the antagonist pair at the elbow?
And name the muscles’ different roles at different movements
Biceps And Triceps
Flexion - Agonist - Biceps
- Antagonist - Triceps
Extension - Agonist - Triceps
- Antagonist - Biceps
What is the antagonistic pair at the Hip?
And name the muscles’ roles at different joint movements
Hip Flexors And Gluteus Maximus
Flexion - Agonist - Hip Flexors
- Antagonist - Gluteus Maximus
Extension - Agonist - Gluteus Maximus
- Antagonist- Hip Flexors
What is the antagonistic pair at the ankle?
And name the muscles’ roles at the different joint movements
Gastrocnemius And Tibalis Anterior
Plantar- Flexion - Agonist - Gastrocnemius
- Antagonist - Tibalis Anterior
Dorsi- Flexion - Agonist - Tibalis Anterior
- Antagonist - Gastrocnemius
What are the three different types of muscle fibres?
And name their functions
Slow Twitch:
TYPE I - Suited to low intensity aerobic work ( e.g. marathon running) as they can be used for a long period of time without fatiguing.
Fast Twitch:
TYPE IIA - Used to anaerobic work, but can be improved through endurance training to increase their resistance to fatigue.
TYPE IIX - Used in anaerobic work. Can generate a much greater force than other fibre types but fatigue quickly. Useful in short bursts of exercise, e.g. a 100m sprint
