The Muscular System

Question 1

What are the two types of the Muscle and what are their functions?

Answer 1

• Voluntary Muscles - Attached to the skeleton and are under your control. They help to mode the body.
• Involuntary Muscles - Work with internal organs without effort from you

Question 2

What is the function of the Bicep

And give a sporting example

Answer 2

Flexion at the elbow.

E.g. When curling weights

Question 3

What is the function of The tricep?

And give a sporting example

Answer 3

Extension at the elbow

E.g. During a jump shot in netball

Question 4

What is the function of the Pectoralis Major?

And give a sporting example

Answer 4

Addiction and flexion at the shoulder.

E.g. During a forehand drive in tennis

Question 5

What is the function of Hip Flexors?

And give a sporting example

Answer 5

Flexion of the leg at the hip.

E.g. Lifting the knee when sprinting

Question 6

What is the function of the Gluteus Maximus?

And give a sporting example

Answer 6

Extension of the leg at the hip.

E.g. pushing the body forward while running

Question 7

What is the function of the Deltoid?

And give a sporting example

Answer 7

Flexion, Extension, Abduction or Circumduction at the shoulder.
E.g. During front crawl in swimming

Question 8

What is the function of the Latissimus Dorsi?

And give a sporting example

Answer 8

Extension, Adduction and rotation at the shoulder.

E.g. During butterfly stroke in swimming

Question 9

What is the function of the External Obliques?

And give a sporting example

Answer 9

Rotation of flexion at the waist.

E.g preparing to throw a discus

Question 10

What is the function of the Tibalis Anterior?

And give a sporting example

Answer 10

Dorsi- flexion at the ankle

E.g. During a heel side turn in snowboarding

Question 11

What is the function of the Gastrocnemius?

And give a sporting example

Answer 11

Plantar- flexion at the ankle.

E.g. Standing on the toes in ballet pointe work.

Question 12

What is the function of the quadriceps?

And give a sporting example

Answer 12

Extension at the knee.

E.g. When performing a drop kick in rugby

Question 13

What is the function of the Hamstrings?

And give a sporting example

Answer 13

Flexion at the knee.

E.g. Bringing the foot back before kicking a football

Question 14

What are antagonistic muscles?

Answer 14

Antagonistic muscles are pairs of muscles that work against each other.

Question 15

What is the antagonistic pair at the knee?

And name what muscle is which at the different movements

Answer 15

Hamstrings And Quadriceps

• Flexion - agonist - Hamstrings
  - antagonist - Quadriceps
• Extension - agonist - Quadriceps
  - antagonist - Hamstrings

Question 16

What is the antagonist pair at the elbow?

And name the muscles’ different roles at different movements

Answer 16

Biceps And Triceps

Flexion - Agonist - Biceps
- Antagonist - Triceps

Extension - Agonist - Triceps
- Antagonist - Biceps

Question 17

What is the antagonistic pair at the Hip?

And name the muscles’ roles at different joint movements

Answer 17

Hip Flexors And Gluteus Maximus

Flexion - Agonist - Hip Flexors
- Antagonist - Gluteus Maximus

Extension - Agonist - Gluteus Maximus
- Antagonist- Hip Flexors

Question 18

What is the antagonistic pair at the ankle?

And name the muscles’ roles at the different joint movements

Answer 18

Gastrocnemius And Tibalis Anterior

Plantar- Flexion - Agonist - Gastrocnemius
- Antagonist - Tibalis Anterior

Dorsi- Flexion - Agonist - Tibalis Anterior
- Antagonist - Gastrocnemius

Question 19

What are the three different types of muscle fibres?

And name their functions

Answer 19

Slow Twitch:
TYPE I - Suited to low intensity aerobic work ( e.g. marathon running) as they can be used for a long period of time without fatiguing.

Fast Twitch:
TYPE IIA - Used to anaerobic work, but can be improved through endurance training to increase their resistance to fatigue.

TYPE IIX - Used in anaerobic work. Can generate a much greater force than other fibre types but fatigue quickly. Useful in short bursts of exercise, e.g. a 100m sprint