The Multi-Store Memory Model

Question 1

Who created the MSMM?

Answer 1

Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968)

Question 2

What is the MSMM?

Answer 2

Stimulus from environment - sensory register - STM store - LTM store

Question 3

What is the sensory register?

Answer 3

Registers stimulus from the environment.

Question 4

What is iconic memory?

Answer 4

Visual information that is coded acoustically

Question 5

What is echoic memory?

Answer 5

Auditory information that is coded acoustically

Question 6

What is the duration of the sensory register?

Answer 6

Half a second

Question 7

What is the capacity of the sensory register?

Answer 7

High

Question 8

What is the key process of the sensory register?

Answer 8

Attention

Question 9

What is the capacity of the STM?

Answer 9

7 +/- 2

Question 10

How is information coded in the STM?

Answer 10

acoustically

Question 11

What is the duration of the STM?

Answer 11

30 seconds unless rehearsed

Question 12

What is maintenance rehearsal?

Answer 12

When we repeat material to ourselves over and over again

Question 13

What is the capacity and duration of the LTM?

Answer 13

unlimited

Question 14

How is the LTM coded?

Answer 14

semantically

Question 15

What is a case study for the MSM?

Answer 15

Patient HM:
- part of his hippocampus was removed to treat epilespy
- he was unable to use his LTM but his STM was working
- shows they are 2 distinct stores

Question 16

Evaluation for the MSMM?

Answer 16

• Supporting research evidence (Baddeley)
• There is more than one type of STM - but patient KF contradicts this as his STM digit span was very poor when they read them out loud to them but was better when he was able to read the digits himself (MSMM argues its a unitary store)
• Craik and Watkins found that the type of rehearsal was more important, - elaborative rehearsal is more important for the LTM
• Uses consonant syllables that have no meaning
• Research shows that the LTM is not a unitary store