The module

Question 1

what causes metabolic alkalosis

Answer 1

increased HCO3

Question 2

what causes metabolic acidosis

Answer 2

decreased HCO3

Question 3

what causes respiratory alkalosis

Answer 3

reduced PCO2

Question 4

what causes respiratory acidosis

Answer 4

raised PCO2

Question 5

what is compensation in biochemistry of arterial blood gasses

Answer 5

If pH is high (alkalotic), bloods will show one result also being out of range in alkalosis, and another out of range in acidosis TO BALANCE IT OUT

Question 6

What is a Myocardial infarction, treatment

Answer 6

sudden ischaemic (loss of blood supply) death of myocardial tissue
- refer to Cardio Rehab, where they can build functional mobility and strength again

Question 7

what is a pneumothorax, 1 treatment option

Answer 7

air in the pleural cavity, low lung volume
treatment- chest drain

Question 8

Sepsis red flags (4)- +what is it generally

Answer 8

• HR >130bpm
• confused
• reduced responsiveness
• RR >25/min
  (severe inflammation)

Question 9

COPD-signs, 1 med treatment

Answer 9

signs- SOB, wheeze cough, sputum

treatment- bronchodilators (bronchus muscle spasms)

Question 10

ABCDE meaning and breakdown

Answer 10

Airway- clear?

Breathing
- o2 sats, pulse
- patient: nose, mouth, tracheostomy?
- Auscultation (breath sounds)

Circulation
Temperature
Heart Rate
Blood pressure
Respiratory rate

Disability
- Alert= pain, conscious (AVPU)?
- Registered disability?

Exposure
- Drips, etc.
- Being monitored?

Question 11

Normal values for arterial blood gasses (5)

Answer 11

pH= 7.35-7.45
pCO2= 4.6-6.6
pO2= 11-14.4
sHCO3= 22-26
BE= -2 - +2

Question 12

Normal: HR, RR, spO2

Answer 12

HR= 60-100
RR= 12-20/ min
Sp02= 95%+

Question 13

Normal BP, what’s high what’s low

Answer 13

90/60mmHg and 120/80mmHg

high=135/85

low=89/59mmHg

Question 14

normal urinary output

Answer 14

around 30mil/hr

Question 15

what is INR, meaning, high= low=

Answer 15

INR=1
high= doesn’t clot quickly enough
low= at risk of blood clots