the migration of Scots :- internal Flashcards
the highland clearances - economic & social
around 1750-1860, Scots living in crofts turned out of their houses by landowners (landowners discovered grazing sheep on land was more profitable than crofters rents)
potato famine - economic & social
1846, potato blight wiped out the potato crop on west coast of Scotland (leaving 150,000 people at risk of starvation) thus they moved to survive
decline of fishing industry - economic
following 1917 Russian Revolution the herring industry collapsed (decline in overseas market) thus fishermen left fishing towns for means of new work
internal migration to England for skilled employment - economic & social
Scottish Universities produced high quality graduates in professions such as medicine and Law. these graduates were in high demand in England which offers better job opportunities for these skilled workers than Scotland did
deer stalking - economic & cultural
mass depopulation in highlands as land being used for deer stalking rather than farming end of 1800s 18% of total land surface of Scotland given for deer stalking
mechanisation of agriculture - economic
farmers from the Lowlands made redundant because of a decrease in workers required on land due to mechanisation of agriculture. for example 1870s harvesting machines replacing farmers thus farmers made redundant
less strenuous work and better hours in cities - social & cultural
in the highlands Scots face working days of up to 11 hours and only got Sundays off, thus migrated as working hours vastly shorter in cities and would get more days off allowing for more relaxing lifestyle
prospect of more exciting social life - cultural
Scots migrated to towns and cities to gain access to social and leisure opportunites such as dancehalls and cinemas in Edinburgh and Glasgow. this was possible due to development in transport such as trains
