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History > The Middle Ages > Flashcards

The Middle Ages Flashcards

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0
Q

Feudal system

A

Was how society was organised in the Middle Ages

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1
Q

Middle Ages / medieval period

A

A time after the Roman Empire from AD 500 - 1500.

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2
Q

Demesne

A

The land that the Lord owned was called a demesne.

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3
Q

Vassals

A

Were the Kings followers

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4
Q

Knight

A

Were warriors who rode into battle on horseback.

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5
Q

Serf

A

A serf was a peasant who was tied to the the lords land . He could not leave or marry without permission from the Lord.

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6
Q

Freeman

A

If a serf could run away and not be found for a year he will become a freeman. A freeman could travel and marry as they pleased.

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7
Q

Manor

A

Was a small village in which peasants and Knights lived in

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8
Q

Tithe

A

Was the tax that the peasants had to pay to the priest.

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9
Q

Fallow

A

Means that a field was left without anything growing in it for a year and then they would use it again the next year.

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10
Q

Commons

A

Was where the peasants animals grazed

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11
Q

Open field system

A

Was the peasants farming method. It worked like this : the farmland was split into two. Then it was divided into strips for each peasant to farm.

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12
Q

Bailiff

A

The bailiff was a person who watched over the land and tried to catch any serfs running away.

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13
Q

Sanctuary

A

If a person was being chased by the bailiff. They could run into the monastery. The bailiff could not arrest them in a monastery.

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14
Q

Forge

A

Was where the blacksmith worked.

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15
Q

Crop rotation

A

Was when one field was left fallow for one year and the other field was used for crops. The next year, the field that was used for growing crops is left fallow and then the other field was left fallow.

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16
Q

Motte and Bailey

A

A motte and Bailey was the first type of castle in the Middle Ages.
The motte was the hill and the Bailey was the small enclosure at the bottom.

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17
Q

Moat

A

Tench dug around the castle which was sometimes filled with water.

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18
Q

Keep

A

The main building of a stone castle.

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19
Q

Battlements

A

Were at the top of the keep. A soldier would’ve guarded the battlements all day.

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20
Q

Curtain walls

A

Were the outer walls of the castle.

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21
Q

Turrets

A

Were strong towers along the walls

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22
Q

Portcullis

A

Was an iron grille that could be lowered in front of the castle gate

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23
Q

Drawbridge

A

Was a bridge over the moat which was closed at night or during battles.

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24
Q

Ramparts

A

Ran along the top of the walls. Soldiers could walk along them.

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25
Q

Latrines

A

Were the toilets in the castle.

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26
Q

Trenchers

A

Food was served on wooden plates or big slices of bread called trenchers.

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27
Q

Wimple

A

They were the headdressof women’s clothing.

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28
Q

Hawking

A

Was when someone took a hawk to hunt wildfowl and small mammals.

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29
Q

Jousting

A

Were mock battles acted out by Knights.

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30
Q

Dowry

A

Was money given to a woman before her wedding to give to her groom.

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31
Q

Page

A

Is the first stage to become a knight. The father would send his son to different castle to serve the lord there and learned how to fight.

32
Q

Squire

A

When the boy was 14, he became a squire. He carried the lords weapons into battle and learned to fight on horseback.

33
Q

Dubbing

A

Was the ceremony where a squire became a knight.

34
Q

Chivalry

A

Was a promise to be loyal to god and to protect his family

35
Q

Toll

A

Was what a person had to pay to get through the gates of a medieval town.

36
Q

Curfew

A

In a town a bell rang out from the church for people to turn off all fires. This is because all houses were made from wood.

37
Q

Leprosy

A

Was a common skin disease in medieval towns since nobody washed themselves

38
Q

Black Death

A

Was a plague that raged across Europe and killed many townspeople and was highly contagious

39
Q

Charter

A

A charter was a legal documenting which the king agreed to let a town to run its own affairs

40
Q

Guild

A

Each craftsperson had to belong to a guild. There was a bakers guild,a fishmongers guild and so on.

41
Q

Apprentice

A

Was the first stage in becoming a craftsman. When a boy was seven, he joined a master craftsman and worked without pay.

42
Q

Journeyman

A

When the boy was fourteen he became a journeyman. He could leave his old master in search for better wages.

43
Q

Master craftsman

A

He had to produce a masterpiece and pay a heavy payment to the guild to become a master craftsman. Most men could not afford this and never got to be a master craftsman.

44
Q

Romanesque

A

Was the first style in which churches were built. The door was decorated with round arches. It was very dark and gloomy inside.

45
Q

Gothic

A

Gothic was a newer style of decoration. There were often carved statues at the entrance and had a magnificent stain glass window.

46
Q

Flying buttresses

A

Were used to support the weight of the roof.

47
Q

Dormitory

A

Was where the monks slept in a monastery.

48
Q

Refectory

A

Was where the monks ate.

49
Q

Cloister

A

Was where the monks walked and prayed.

50
Q

Scriptorium

A

Was where monks copied manuscripts.

51
Q

Infirmary

A

Was where monks looked after the sick.

52
Q

Chapter house

A

Was where the monks discussed the buisness of the monastery and elected the abbot.

53
Q

Novice

A

When a boy joined a monastery, he was known as a novice.

54
Q

Tonsure

A

When a boy became a monk he had a haircut called a tonsure which was a bald patch on the middle of his head

55
Q

Matins

A

Was the monks early morning prayer where they would pray or sing
in the church.

56
Q

Vespers

A

Were evening prayers

57
Q

Compline

A

Were the final prayers of the day at night time.

58
Q

Abbot

A

Is the leader or in charge of the monastery.

59
Q

Prior

A

Is the person who fills in for the abbot when the abbot is travelling.

60
Q

Almoner

A

An almoner looked after the poor when the visited.

61
Q

Hosteller

A

Hostellers looked after travellers.

62
Q

Friar

A

Friars travelled around working with the poor.

63
Q

Apprentice

A

Was the first stage in becoming a craftsman. When a boy was seven, he joined a master craftsman and worked without pay.

64
Q

Journeyman

A

When the boy was fourteen he became a journeyman. He could leave his old master in search for better wages.

65
Q

Master craftsman

A

He had to produce a masterpiece and pay a heavy payment to the guild to become a master craftsman. Most men could not afford this and never got to be a master craftsman.

66
Q

Romanesque

A

Was the first style in which churches were built. The door was decorated with round arches. It was very dark and gloomy inside.

67
Q

Gothic

A

Gothic was a newer style of decoration. There were often carved statues at the entrance and had a magnificent stain glass window.

68
Q

Flying buttresses

A

Were used to support the weight of the roof.

69
Q

Dormitory

A

Was where the monks slept in a monastery.

70
Q

Refectory

A

Was where the monks ate.

71
Q

Cloister

A

Was where the monks walked and prayed.

72
Q

Scriptorium

A

Was where monks copied manuscripts.

73
Q

Infirmary

A

Was where monks looked after the sick.

74
Q

Chapter house

A

Was where the monks discussed the buisness of the monastery and elected the abbot.

75
Q

Novice

A

When a boy joined a monastery, he was known as a novice.

76
Q

Tonsure

A

When a boy became a monk he had a haircut called a tonsure which was a bald patch on the middle of his head

77
Q

Matins

A

Was the monks early morning prayer where they would pray or sing
in the church.

78
Q

Vespers

A

Were evening prayers

History (10 decks)

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