The Management of Change Flashcards
The Process of Change
All businesses at some stage may need to change. For example, the government banned smoking in 2004 and so pubs had to cope with this. Many now have outdoor seated areas to cope with this change.
Reasons for change in a business
Change in education and skills of employees New Laws Consumer demands Competitors Advances in technology
Reasons for hesitancy to change
Fear of losing their jobs Fear of losing power Fear of failure Laziness Redundancy
Overcoming Resistance to change
Involve Employees Lead by Example Funding Open Communication Rewards Training
Controller
Gives orders and expects them to be carried out without question
Constant supervision and direction
Employees have no say in decision making
Employees have to do it their way
Facilitator
Gives directions, provides advice, support
Trains employees to develop their skills and talents
Provides all the necessary resources
Delegates
Interest in staff opinions and wants employee participation
Encourages and empowers employees
Employee Empowerment
The empowerment of workers means placing real power, which includes decision-making, and full responsibility in the hands of those workers where it is most effective, i.e. as close as possible to the customer.
Job rotation
is the process of moving employees around an organisation so that they can develop and gain experience in different jobs. This adds to their skills profile as well as benefiting the organisation with fresh ideas that may be generated and reducing boredom or lack of motivation amongst staff.
Job enlargement
means giving people extra responsibility to make their job more challenging and interesting. Examples would include solo projects or becoming team leaders for a task.
Job enrichment
is concerned with adding to responsibilities and giving the employee freedom to make choices. Examples could be not only becoming team leader of a project, but also allowing the employee the freedom to make all decisions about the project on behalf of the organisation.
Total Quality Management
TQM is a management strategy designed to ensure 100% perfection and 100% customer satisfaction. It says that every person in the business is responsible for delivering quality to the customer. If a business follows the TQM principle, it will have perfect quality products.
Team Work
Team work involves a group of people working co-operatively towards achieving a common goal. A team combines the various talents of its members, who work together in some way to produce better results for a business and achieve a common goal. A team will communicate and co-operate with each other over a period of time.
Forming
This is when the team comes together for the first time. There may be a lack of trust between members, and so the team leader tries to build relationships and outlines the overall goal of the team
Storming
This is when members compete for roles within the team and disagreements break out. Conflict arises at this stage, the team leader must work hard at trying to manage the conflict between the team members
Norming
This is when members settle into their roles/responsibilities. There is greater trust and ground rules are set, for example behaviour and work standards. The ground rules enable the team to function effectively.
