The male Flashcards
What is the name given to un-differentiated diploid sperm cells that males are born with?
Spermatogonia
Where does development of sperm cells occur?
Sertoli cells of the seminiferous tubules from basal aspect to lumen
What is the function of the testis barrier?
Physical barrier between blood vessels & seminiferous tubules
Prevents immunological destruction of “ foreign” haploid cells. e.g. Secondary spermatocytes, Spermatids, Mature spermatozoa
Which cells synthesise testosterone?
Leydig cells
What is the route of sperm from the seminiferous tubules?
- Seminiferous tubules
- Rete testis
- Efferent ducts
- Epididymis
- Ductus deferens
- Urethra
What happens in the epididymal duct?
Spermatozoa mature and are stored in the tail
Which structure connects the tail of the epididymis with the pelvic urethra?
Ductus deferens
Describe the structure of the sperm when they leave the sertoli cells that leaves them unable to fertilise
- Non-motile
- DNA in the head is not condensed
Which hormone does spermatogenesis require?
Testosterone
Which hormone do Leydig cells respond to, and what is their response?
LH
- produce testosterone
Which hormone do sertoli cells respond to and what is their response?
FSH
- secrete inhibin and converts testosterone
What are the functions of testosterone?
- Stimulates growth of internal & external genitalia
- Stimulates secondary sex characteristics
- Enhances growth of skeletal muscle and bone
What factors are required for successful testis function?
- Pulsatile GnRH secretion (every 3 – 6 hours)
- Adequate LH receptors in Leydig cells
- High concentrations of testosterone in the seminiferous tubules
- Correct testicular temperature
Which two muscles are involved in retracting the testis towards the body or letting them fall away from the body wall to control temperature?
- Tunica dartos
- Cremaster muscle
What is the only visible accessory gland in dogs?
Prostate gland
