The Making Of A Global World Flashcards
Globalisation
Globalisation refers to the integration between countries through foreign trade and foreign investment, culture, social political control, communication and transportation
Silk route
The silk Route is a route connecting China the Asian part to Europe through Africa. the goods travelled through this route not only goods but Buddhism, Christianity to Islam had travelled this route the route was used for trading or exchanging crucial good like textile and various precious metals.  Chinese pottery, Indian spices in exchange of gold and silver metal from Europe. Buddhism emerged from eastern India and spread.
Conquest, disease and trade
Conquests between Portuguese and Spanish and the colonisation of America was underway during this time. Spanish conquerors used a deadly weapon smallpox germs against America for which Americans had zero immunity America was known for its fertile lands, mineral and crops. Europe spread a rumour about South America having a fabled city of Gold El Dorado the reason why everyone wanted to conquer America. America was discovered by Christopher Columbus. silver and various other precious metals mine were located in Mexico and peru which boosted Europe’s well and funded trade with Asian countries.
Three types of movement or flow
There were three types of flow the first one was the flow of trade in the 19th century. the second is the flow of labour the migration of people in search of employment. The third is the moment of capital for short-term or long-term investment over long distances.
Corn laws
The corn law also led to the imposition of restriction in the import of corn British agriculture could not compete with imports, and use areas of land was left cultivated.
Its effect was widespread unemployment in the agricultural industry. A growth in British wheat farming and a hike in the bread prices. Boosted the rise of capitalist class in urban areas. Shift to labour is moving from agriculture to industrial division.
Britain in 19th century
In the 19th century the certain population boom in great Britain led to an increase in the demand of food grains, rapid industrial growth and shortage of food also led to the additional food imports. Railways and sea routes were used for transport of food, rubber, cotton, and coal capital flowed from financial centres such as London, the demand of labour in places where labour was in short supply as in America and Australia lead to more migration. 
Role of technology
Significant technological inventions of the 19th century were telegraph, railways, steamships. After the invention of refrigerated ships animal were butchered and then was shipped to Europe in the form of frozen meat.
Berlin
In 1885 the big european powers met in Berlin to complete the carving up of Africa between them.
Inheritance law
According to this law peasants were displaced from land only one member of a family was allowed to inherit land, as a result of which the others were pushed into the labour market in Africa.
Rinderpest
rinderpest is the deadly and rapidly spreading cattle plague which drastically affected Africa in the 1880s it was actually carried by an infected cattle which was imported from British Asia to feed the Italian soldiers invading Africa but when it reached Africa’s Atlantic coast in 1892 it spread like forest fire and almost 90% of the cattle was killed.
Indentured labor
 Indentured labor In real sense referred to a bonded labourer who were under a strict contact to work for a particular employer and for a particular amount of time.
In India most of the labourers were from Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, central India and the dry districts of Tamil Nadu the recruitment was done by deceiving them, this new form of slavery was abolished in year 1921.
The First World War
The first world war was caused by the hardships, political instability and the economic instability all these were the cause of first world war and Europe was the real epicentre for this. first world war also led to the mass production of tanks, machine guns, chemical weapons and aircraft. Men of the working age were recruited in millions and it caused death and destruction which led to the great depression.
The Great Depression
It was in the period between 1929 to mid-1930s there was a huge global decline in employment, production, trade, and income.
The agricultural sector was also adversely affected as well as the prices.
Overproduction and agriculture and the disintegration of the US banking system were also a combination of many factors which led to the great depression. Britain borrowed large sum of money is from US banks as well as the US public does the wall transform the US from being an international tip tour to an international creditor. The US banking system for the collapsed during this period and many banks went bankrupt here in India. The Indian subcontinent was also drastically affected as well during that time rates of Indian exports and imports extensively declined as prices almost fell. Bengal jute cultivators were the most affected community here. Migration was seen from villages to town to going city side.
IMF
International monetary fund
Bretton twins
IMF and World Bank were famously called as bretton twins and they commenced their operation in the year 1957.
