The Lungs Flashcards
1
Q
lung exam components
A
- inspection
- palpation
- percussion
- auscultation
2
Q
lung inspection
A
- chest sym, deformities, trachea midline
- congenital deformities
- systemic symptoms
- AP diameter, tripod position
- cachexia, muscle wasting, weakness
- tachypnea, accessory muscle use
3
Q
What are the congenital defects of the chest?
A
- pectus carinatum/excavatum
4
Q
What are the systemic symptoms we look for on lung exam inspection?
A
- clubbing
- cyanosis
5
Q
lung palpation
A
- areas of concern
- chest expansion
- tactile fremitus
6
Q
What does abnormal chest expansion indicate?
A
- PTx
- HTX
- atalectasis
- pleural effusion
- PNA
7
Q
interpret tactile fremitus results
A
- decreased resonance = pleural effusion, fibrosis, COPD, PTx, asthma
- increased resonance = PNA
8
Q
interpret lung percussion results
A
- normal = resonant
- dull = consolidations (i.e. PNA, pulm edema, atelectasis)
- hyperresonant = PTx, COPD, asthma
9
Q
What sounds can be heard on lung auscultation?
A
- rhonchi
- wheeze
- stridor
- crackles
- pleural friction rub
10
Q
What do rhonchi sound like and what does it mean?
A
- low pitched, snoring
- secretions in large airways
11
Q
What does wheeze sound like and what does it mean?
A
- high pitched, shrill
- narrow airways = COPD, asthma, bronchitits
12
Q
What does stridor sound like and what does it mean?
A
- loud, inspiratory wheeze
- partial tracheal obstruction
13
Q
What does pleural friction rub indicate?
A
- pleuritis
14
Q
There are 3 variations to test for consolidation, what are they?
A
- bronchophony
- egophony
- whispered pectoriloqy
15
Q
What is abnormal bronchophony?
A
- clearly heard when pt instructed to say 99
