The Living World Flashcards by Anam Khan

The twin characteristics of growth are increase in ______ and increase in ______ of individuals

mass; number

NCERT Page No. 3, Para 3

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We can easily observe unicellular organisms growth in which culture?

In-vitro culture

NCERT Page No. 4, Para 1

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Three examples of non-living things which exhibit growth by the accumulation of material on the surface are

Mountains,boulders and sand mounds

NCERT Page No. 4, Para 1

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Fungi produce millions of ________ to multiply and spread easily.

asexual spores

NCERT Page No. 4, Para 2

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What type of asexual reproduction occurs in yeast and hydra?

budding

NCERT Page No. 4, Para 2

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Which organism shows true regeneration?

Planaria

NCERT Page No. 4, Para 2

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Name three organisms which easily multiply by fragmentation

The fungi, the filamentous algae, and the protonema of mosses

NCERT Page No. 4, Para 2

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Name three living organisms which do not reproduce.

Mules, sterile worker bees and infertile human couples

NCERT Page No. 4, Para 2

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Which reactions are not living things but surely living reactions?

Isolated metabolic reaction

NCERT Page No. 5, Para 1

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Which process affects reproduction in seasonal breeders, both plants and animals?

Photoperiod

NCERT Page No. 5, Para 2

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What is the range of the number of species that are known and described?

1.7 to 1.8 million

NCERT Page No. 6, Para 1

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The number and types of organisms present on earth refers to

Biodiversity

NCERT Page No. 6, Para 1

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What is the process of standardising the naming of living organisms such that a particular organism is known by the same name all over the world called?

Nomenclature

NCERT Page No. 6, Para 3

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Nomenclature or naming is only possible when the organism is described correctly and we know to what organism the name is attached. This is _____.

Identification

NCERT Page No. 6, Para 3

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The scientific names of plants are based on agreed principles and criteria, which are provided in _________________________

International Code for Botanical Nomenclature

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The scientific names of animals are based on agreed principles and criteria, which are provided in ______________________

International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN)

NCERT Page No. 6, Para 4

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Scientific name has two components, namely -

The generic name and The specific epithet

NCERT Page No. 6, Para 5

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The system of providing a name with two components is called

Binomial nomenclature

NCERT Page No. 6, Para 5

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Binomial nomenclature naming system was given by

Carolus Linnaeus

NCERT Page No. 6, Para 5

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The scientific name of mango is

Mangifera indica

NCERT Page No. 7, Para 1

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In the scientific name of mango, Mangifera and indica represents ___ and ___ respectively.

Genus & specific epith

NCERT Page No. 7, Para 1

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Mangifera indica was first described by

Linnaeus

NCERT Page No. 7, Para 2

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The process by which anything is grouped into convenient categories based on some easily observable characters is called

classification

NCERT Page No. 7, Para 3

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The process of classifying all living organisms into different taxa is called

taxonomy

NCERT Page No. 7, Para 4

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External and internal structure, along with the structure of cell, development process and ecological information of organisms are essential and form the basis of ______________

Modern taxonomic studies NCERT Page No. 8, Para 1

The branch of study of knowing more about different kinds of organisms and their diversities, but also the relationships among them was referred to as

systematics NCERT Page No. 8, Para 4

The word systematics is derived from the Latin word-

Systema NCERT Page No. 8, Para 4

What is the title of the publication of Linnaeus?

Systema Naturae NCERT Page No. 8, Para 4

The category which is a part of overall taxonomic arrangement, it is called

Taxonomic category NCERT Page No. 8, Para 5

All taxonomic categories together constitute the _______________

Taxonomic hierarchy NCERT Page No. 8, Para 5

Each category represents a rank and is commonly termed as

Taxon NCERT Page No. 8, Para 5

Each ____ is the unit of classification.

Category / Rank / taxon NCERT Page No. 8, Para 6

Taxonomic studies consider a group of individual organisms with fundamental similarities as a __________

species NCERT Page No. 9, Para 2

One should be able to distinguish one species from the other closely related species based on the ______________________

distinct morphological differences NCERT Page No. 9, Para 2

The scientific name of potato is

Solanum tuberosum

The scientific name of lion is

Panthera leo

Solanum includes species like

nigrum and melongena

The scientific name of human being is

Homo sapiens

A group of related species which has more characters in common in comparison to species of other generation

genus

Potato and brinjal both belong to the genus

solanum

The scientific name of leopard is

Panthera pardus

The scientific name of tiger is

Panthera tigris

Genus which includes cats is

felis

A group of related genera with less number of similarities as compared to genus and species-

family

Three different genera Solanum, Petunia and Datura are placed in the family-

solanaceae

Genus Panthera is put along with genus Felis (cats) in the family-

Felidae

A dog is placed in the family called

Canidae

A category which is the assemblage of families and exhibit a few similar characters is

Order

Plant families like Convolvulaceae, Solanaceae are included in the order

Polymoniales

Animal families like Felidae, Canidae are included in the order

Carnivora

Order of monkey, gorilla and gibbon -

Primata

Order Primata along with order Carnivora is placed under class -

Mammalia

In case of animals, classes with a few similar characters are assigned to a higher category called

Phylum

In case of plants, classes with a few similar characters are assigned to a higher category called

Division

All animals belonging to various phyla are assigned to the highest category called

Kingdom Animalia

The scientific name of Housefly is

Musca domestica

The scientific name of Wheat is

Triticum aestivum

Mention the Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum of man-

Homo, Hominidae, Primata, Mammalia,Chordata NCERT Page No. 11, Para Table 1-1

Mention the Genus, Family, Order, Class, Division of Mango-

Mangifera, Anacardiaceae, Sapindales, Dicotyledonae, Angiospermae NCERT Page No. 11, Para Table 1-1

Mention the Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum of Housefly -

Musca, Muscidae, Diptera, Insecta, Arthropoda NCERT Page No. 11, Para Table 1-1

Mention the Genus, Family, Order, Class, Division of Wheat -

Triticum, Poaceae, Poales, Monocotyledonae, Angiospermae NCERT Page No. 11, Para Table 1-1

A store house of collected plant specimens that are dried, pressed and preserved on sheets called

Herbarium NCERT Page No. 11, Para 3

Which sheet carries a label providing information about date and place of collection, English, local and botanical names, family, collector’s name, etc

herbarium sheets NCERT Page No. 12, Para 1

What serve as quick referral systems in taxonomical studies?

Herbaria NCERT Page No. 12, Para 1

Name three places where the famous botanical gardens are present-

Kew (England), Indian Botanical Garden, Howrah (India) and at National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow (India)- NCERT Page No. 12, Para 2

The place which have collections of preserved plant and animal specimens for study and reference -

Museums NCERT Page No. 12, Para 3

The places where wild animals are kept in protected environments under human care and which enable us to learn about their food habits and behaviour -

Zoological Parks NCERT Page No. 13, Para 1

Name the taxonomical aid used for identification of plants and animals based on the similarities and dissimilarities -

Key NCERT Page No. 13, Para 2

The keys are based on the contrasting characters generally in a pair called

Couplet NCERT Page No. 13, Para 2

Each statement in the key is called

Lead NCERT Page No. 13, Para 2

What provides the index to the plant species found in a particular area?

Flora NCERT Page No. 14, Para 1

What is useful in providing information for the identification of names of species found in an area?

Manuals NCERT Page No. 14, Para 1

____________ contain information on any one taxon.

Monographs NCERT Page No. 14, Para 1

state what is between kingdom to species appropriately

A- Phylum B- Division C- Class D- Order E- Family F- Genus NCERT Page No. 10, Fig 1.1