Biological Classification Flashcards by Anam Khan

Who was the earliest to attempt a more scientific basis for classification and used simple morphological characters to classify plants?

Aristotle

NCERT Page No. 16, Para 1

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On the basis of which characters Aristotle classified plants into trees, shrubs and herbs?

Simple morphological characters

NCERT Page No. 16, Para 1

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Name of two Kingdoms that were developed during Linnaeus’ time

Plantae and Animalia

NCERT Page No. 16, Para 2

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Who proposed the five kingdom Classification system?

R-H- Whittaker

NCERT Page No. 17, Para 1

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Name of kingdoms defined by Whittaker-

Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia-

NCERT Page No. 17, Para 1

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Sole members of Kingdom Monera are

Bacteria

NCERT Page No. 18, Para 3

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Most abundant micro-organisms is

Bacteria

NCERT Page No. 18, Para 3

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Spherical shaped bacteria are grouped under which category?

Coccus

NCERT Page No. 18, Para 4

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Rod-shaped bacteria are grouped under which category?

Bacillus

NCERT Page No. 18, Para 4

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Comma-shaped bacteria are grouped under which category?

Vibrium (pl.: vibrio)

NCERT Page No. 18, Para 4

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Spiral -shaped bacteria are grouped under which category?

Spirillum

NCERT Page No. 18, Para 4

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Compared to many other organisms, which group show the most extensive metabolic diversity?

Bacteria

NCERT Page No. 19, Para 1

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Archaebacteria that live in salty areas are known as

halophiles

NCERT Page No. 19, Para 2

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Archaebacteria that live in hot springs are known as

thermoacidophiles

NCERT Page No. 19, Para 2

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Archaebacteria that live in marshy areas are known as

methanogens

NCERT Page No. 19, Para 2

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Methanogens are responsible for the production of which gas?

Methane (biogas)

NCERT Page No. 19, Para 2

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The eubacteria also referred as blue green algae

Cyanobacteria

NCERT Page No. 19, Para 3

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Which cholorophyll pigment is present in cyanobacteria for photosynthesis

Chlorophyll a

NCERT Page No. 19, Para 3

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Some of blue green algae can fix atmospheric nitrogen in specialised cells called

Heterocysts

NCERT Page No. 19, Para 3

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The colonies of cyanobacteria are generally surrounded by

gelatinous/mucilaginous sheath

NCERT Page No. 19, Para 3

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Examples of blue-green algae that can fix atmospheric nitrogen

Nostoc and Anabaena-

NCERT Page No. 19, Para 3

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Bacteria that oxidise various inorganic substances such as nitrates, nitrites and ammonia

Chemosynthetic autotrophic

NCERT Page No. 19, Para 3

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Bacteria which play a great role in recycling nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorous,
iron and sulphur is

Chemosynthetic autotrophic

NCERT Page No. 19, Para 3

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The bacteria that are used in making curd from milk, production of antibiotics and fixing nitrogen in legume
roots is called

Heterotrophic bacteria

NCERT Page No. 19, Para 4

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Cholera, typhoid, tetanus, citrus canker are well-known diseases caused by

Bacteria NCERT Page No. 20, Para 1

Bacteria reproduce mainly by

fission NCERT Page No. 20, Para 2

Under unfavourable conditions, bacteria produce

spores- NCERT Page No. 20, Para 2

Bacteria that completely lack a cell wall is

Mycoplasma NCERT Page No. 20, Para 3

The smallest living cells known who can survive without oxygen are

Mycoplasma NCERT Page No. 20, Para 4

Under which kingdom, all single-celled eukaryotes are placed

Protista NCERT Page No. 20, Para 4

Which group includes diatoms and golden algae (desmids)?

Chrysophytes NCERT Page No. 20, Para 5

The cell wall forms two thin overlapping shells, which fit together as in a soap box is known as

Diatoms NCERT Page No. 20, Para 5

_____are the chief ‘producers’ in the oceans

Diatoms NCERT Page No. 20, Para 5

Two flagella; one lies longitudinally and the other transversely in a furrow between the wall plates is present in

Dinoflagellates NCERT Page No. 21, Para 1

Red dinoflagellates that undergo rapid multiplication and make the sea appear red (red tides) -

Gonyaulax NCERT Page No. 21, Para 1

Instead of a cell wall, euglenoids have a protein-rich layer called

Pellicle NCERT Page No. 21, Para 2

Which protista group when deprived of sunlight behave like heterotrophs by predating on other smaller organisms-

Euglenoids NCERT Page No. 21, Para 2

Pigments of ----------- are identical to those present in higher plants-

Euglenoids NCERT Page No. 21, Para 2

Under suitable conditions, slime moulds form an aggregation called

Plasmodium NCERT Page No. 21, Para 3

Which protista group is primitive relatives of animals?

Protozoans NCERT Page No. 21, Para 4

Entamoeba is which type of Protozoan?

Amoeboid protozoans NCERT Page No. 22, Para 1

Amoeboid protozoans move and capture their prey by putting out

pseudopodia NCERT Page No. 22, Para 1

Example of flagellated protozoan is

Trypanosoma NCERT Page No. 22, Para 1

Example of ciliated protozoan is

Paramoecium NCERT Page No. 22, Para 1

Example of sporozoan that is a malarial parasite is

Plasmodium NCERT Page No. 22, Para 1

Name the unicellular fungi which is used to make bread and beer

Yeast NCERT Page No. 22, Para 2

Wheat rust-causing fungi is known as

Puccinia NCERT Page No. 22, Para 2

Example of fungus which is a source of antibiotics

Penicillium NCERT Page No. 22, Para 2

Fungi bodies consist of long, slender thread-like structures called

hyphae NCERT Page No. 22, Para 2

The network of hyphae is known as

mycelium NCERT Page No. 22, Para 2

Hyphae that are continuous tubes filled with multinucleated cytoplasm – these are called

coenocytic hyphae NCERT Page No. 22, Para 2

The cell wall of fungi is composed of

chitin and polysaccharides NCERT Page No. 22, Para 3

Fungi can live as symbionts – in association with algae known as

lichens NCERT Page No. 22, Para 2

Symbiotic association of Fungus with roots of higher plants is known as

mycorrhiza NCERT Page No. 22, Para 2

Fusion of protoplasms between two motile or non-motile gametes are called

plasmogamy NCERT Page No. 23, Para 1

Fusion of two nuclei is called

karyogamy NCERT Page No. 23, Para 1

In fungi (ascomycetes and basidiomycetes), an intervening dikaryotic stage (n + n, i-e-, two nuclei per cell) occurs; such a condition is called

dikaryon NCERT Page No. 23, Para 2

In Phycomycetes mycelium is

aseptate and coenocytic NCERT Page No. 23, Para 3

Name the fungi which is also known as bread mould

Rhizopus NCERT Page No. 23, Para 4

Ascomycetes are commonly known as

Sac fungi NCERT Page No. 23, Para 4

Fungi that grows on dung are known as

coprophilous NCERT Page No. 23, Para 4

Mycelium in Ascomyctetes is

branched and septate NCERT Page No. 24, Para 1

Asexual spores of Ascomycetes are known as

conidia NCERT Page No. 24, Para 1

Sexual spores of Ascomycetes are known as

ascospores NCERT Page No. 24, Para 1

Fungi can live as symbionts – in association with algae known as

lichens NCERT Page No. 22, Para 2

Symbiotic association of Fungus with roots of higher plants is known as

mycorrhiza NCERT Page No. 22, Para 2

Fusion of protoplasms between two motile or non-motile gametes are called

plasmogamy NCERT Page No. 23, Para 1

Fusion of two nuclei is called

karyogamy NCERT Page No. 23, Para 1

In fungi (ascomycetes and basidiomycetes), an intervening dikaryotic stage (n + n, i-e-, two nuclei per cell) occurs; such a condition is called

dikaryon NCERT Page No. 23, Para 2

In Phycomycetes mycelium is

aseptate and coenocytic NCERT Page No. 23, Para 3

Name the fungus which is also known as bread mould

Rhizopus NCERT Page No. 23, Para 4