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Botany > Biological Classification > Flashcards

Biological Classification Flashcards

1
Q

Who was the earliest to attempt a more scientific basis for classification and used simple morphological characters to classify plants?

A

Aristotle

NCERT Page No. 16, Para 1

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2
Q

On the basis of which characters Aristotle classified plants into trees, shrubs and herbs?

A

Simple morphological characters

NCERT Page No. 16, Para 1

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3
Q

Name of two Kingdoms that were developed during Linnaeus’ time

A

Plantae and Animalia

NCERT Page No. 16, Para 2

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4
Q

Who proposed the five kingdom Classification system?

A

R-H- Whittaker

NCERT Page No. 17, Para 1

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5
Q

Name of kingdoms defined by Whittaker-

A

Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia-

NCERT Page No. 17, Para 1

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6
Q

Sole members of Kingdom Monera are

A

Bacteria

NCERT Page No. 18, Para 3

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7
Q

Most abundant micro-organisms is

A

Bacteria

NCERT Page No. 18, Para 3

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8
Q

Spherical shaped bacteria are grouped under which category?

A

Coccus

NCERT Page No. 18, Para 4

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9
Q

Rod-shaped bacteria are grouped under which category?

A

Bacillus

NCERT Page No. 18, Para 4

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10
Q

Comma-shaped bacteria are grouped under which category?

A

Vibrium (pl.: vibrio)

NCERT Page No. 18, Para 4

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11
Q

Spiral -shaped bacteria are grouped under which category?

A

Spirillum

NCERT Page No. 18, Para 4

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12
Q

Compared to many other organisms, which group show the most extensive metabolic diversity?

A

Bacteria

NCERT Page No. 19, Para 1

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13
Q

Archaebacteria that live in salty areas are known as

A

halophiles

NCERT Page No. 19, Para 2

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14
Q

Archaebacteria that live in hot springs are known as

A

thermoacidophiles

NCERT Page No. 19, Para 2

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15
Q

Archaebacteria that live in marshy areas are known as

A

methanogens

NCERT Page No. 19, Para 2

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16
Q

Methanogens are responsible for the production of which gas?

A

Methane (biogas)

NCERT Page No. 19, Para 2

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17
Q

The eubacteria also referred as blue green algae

A

Cyanobacteria

NCERT Page No. 19, Para 3

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18
Q

Which cholorophyll pigment is present in cyanobacteria for photosynthesis

A

Chlorophyll a

NCERT Page No. 19, Para 3

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19
Q

Some of blue green algae can fix atmospheric nitrogen in specialised cells called

A

Heterocysts

NCERT Page No. 19, Para 3

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20
Q

The colonies of cyanobacteria are generally surrounded by

A

gelatinous/mucilaginous sheath

NCERT Page No. 19, Para 3

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21
Q

Examples of blue-green algae that can fix atmospheric nitrogen

A

Nostoc and Anabaena-

NCERT Page No. 19, Para 3

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22
Q

Bacteria that oxidise various inorganic substances such as nitrates, nitrites and ammonia

A

Chemosynthetic autotrophic

NCERT Page No. 19, Para 3

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22
Q

Bacteria which play a great role in recycling nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorous,
iron and sulphur is

A

Chemosynthetic autotrophic

NCERT Page No. 19, Para 3

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23
Q

The bacteria that are used in making curd from milk, production of antibiotics and fixing nitrogen in legume
roots is called

A

Heterotrophic bacteria

NCERT Page No. 19, Para 4

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24
Q

Cholera, typhoid, tetanus, citrus canker are well-known diseases caused by

A

Bacteria

NCERT Page No. 20, Para 1

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25
Q

Bacteria reproduce mainly by

A

fission

NCERT Page No. 20, Para 2

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26
Q

Under unfavourable conditions, bacteria produce

A

spores-

NCERT Page No. 20, Para 2

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27
Q

Bacteria that completely lack a cell wall is

A

Mycoplasma

NCERT Page No. 20, Para 3

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28
Q

The smallest living cells known who can survive without oxygen are

A

Mycoplasma

NCERT Page No. 20, Para 4

29
Q

Under which kingdom, all single-celled eukaryotes are placed

A

Protista

NCERT Page No. 20, Para 4

30
Q

Which group includes diatoms and golden algae (desmids)?

A

Chrysophytes

NCERT Page No. 20, Para 5

31
Q

The cell wall forms two thin overlapping shells, which fit together as in a soap box is known as

A

Diatoms

NCERT Page No. 20, Para 5

32
Q

_____are the chief ‘producers’ in the oceans

A

Diatoms

NCERT Page No. 20, Para 5

33
Q

Two flagella; one lies longitudinally and the other transversely in a furrow between the wall plates is present in

A

Dinoflagellates

NCERT Page No. 21, Para 1

34
Q

Red dinoflagellates that undergo rapid multiplication and make the sea appear red (red tides) -

A

Gonyaulax

NCERT Page No. 21, Para 1

35
Q

Instead of a cell wall, euglenoids have a protein-rich layer called

A

Pellicle

NCERT Page No. 21, Para 2

36
Q

Which protista group when deprived of sunlight behave like heterotrophs by predating on other smaller organisms-

A

Euglenoids

NCERT Page No. 21, Para 2

37
Q

Pigments of ———– are identical to those present in higher plants-

A

Euglenoids

NCERT Page No. 21, Para 2

38
Q

Under suitable conditions, slime moulds form an aggregation called

A

Plasmodium

NCERT Page No. 21, Para 3

39
Q

Which protista group is primitive relatives of animals?

A

Protozoans

NCERT Page No. 21, Para 4

40
Q

Entamoeba is which type of Protozoan?

A

Amoeboid protozoans

NCERT Page No. 22, Para 1

41
Q

Amoeboid protozoans move and capture their prey by putting out

A

pseudopodia

NCERT Page No. 22, Para 1

42
Q

Example of flagellated protozoan is

A

Trypanosoma

NCERT Page No. 22, Para 1

43
Q

Example of ciliated protozoan is

A

Paramoecium

NCERT Page No. 22, Para 1

44
Q

Example of sporozoan that is a malarial parasite is

A

Plasmodium

NCERT Page No. 22, Para 1

45
Q

Name the unicellular fungi which is used to make bread and beer

A

Yeast

NCERT Page No. 22, Para 2

46
Q

Wheat rust-causing fungi is known as

A

Puccinia

NCERT Page No. 22, Para 2

47
Q

Example of fungus which is a source of antibiotics

A

Penicillium

NCERT Page No. 22, Para 2

48
Q

Fungi bodies consist of long, slender thread-like structures called

A

hyphae

NCERT Page No. 22, Para 2

49
Q

The network of hyphae is known as

A

mycelium

NCERT Page No. 22, Para 2

50
Q

Hyphae that are continuous tubes filled with multinucleated cytoplasm – these are called

A

coenocytic hyphae

NCERT Page No. 22, Para 2

51
Q

The cell wall of fungi is composed of

A

chitin and polysaccharides

NCERT Page No. 22, Para 3

52
Q

Fungi can live as symbionts – in association with algae known as

A

lichens

NCERT Page No. 22, Para 2

53
Q

Symbiotic association of Fungus with roots of higher plants is known as

A

mycorrhiza

NCERT Page No. 22, Para 2

54
Q

Fusion of protoplasms between two motile or non-motile gametes are called

A

plasmogamy

NCERT Page No. 23, Para 1

55
Q

Fusion of two nuclei is called

A

karyogamy

NCERT Page No. 23, Para 1

56
Q

In fungi (ascomycetes and basidiomycetes), an intervening dikaryotic stage (n + n, i-e-, two nuclei per cell) occurs; such a condition is called

A

dikaryon

NCERT Page No. 23, Para 2

57
Q

In Phycomycetes mycelium is

A

aseptate and coenocytic

NCERT Page No. 23, Para 3

58
Q

Name the fungi which is also known as bread mould

A

Rhizopus

NCERT Page No. 23, Para 4

59
Q

Ascomycetes are commonly known as

A

Sac fungi

NCERT Page No. 23, Para 4

60
Q

Fungi that grows on dung are known as

A

coprophilous

NCERT Page No. 23, Para 4

61
Q

Mycelium in Ascomyctetes is

A

branched and septate

NCERT Page No. 24, Para 1

62
Q

Asexual spores of Ascomycetes are known as

A

conidia

NCERT Page No. 24, Para 1

63
Q

Sexual spores of Ascomycetes are known as

A

ascospores

NCERT Page No. 24, Para 1

64
Q

Fungi can live as symbionts – in association with algae known as

A

lichens

NCERT Page No. 22, Para 2

65
Q

Symbiotic association of Fungus with roots of higher plants is known as

A

mycorrhiza

NCERT Page No. 22, Para 2

65
Q

Fusion of protoplasms between two motile or non-motile gametes are called

A

plasmogamy

NCERT Page No. 23, Para 1

66
Q

Fusion of two nuclei is called

A

karyogamy

NCERT Page No. 23, Para 1

67
Q

In fungi (ascomycetes and basidiomycetes), an intervening dikaryotic stage (n + n, i-e-, two nuclei per cell) occurs; such a condition is called

A

dikaryon

NCERT Page No. 23, Para 2

68
Q

In Phycomycetes mycelium is

A

aseptate and coenocytic

NCERT Page No. 23, Para 3

69
Q

Name the fungus which is also known as bread mould

A

Rhizopus

NCERT Page No. 23, Para 4

Botany (2 decks)

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