The lexicon chapter 3 Flashcards
What does the lexicon consist of ?
Give an example
At least the set of basic units or form-meaning composities that make up a language.
Ex: The word cat is a lexical entry or a lexeme that cannot be broken down into smaller meaningful parts. So Cat is basic. The form cats however consists of two form-meaning composities; cat + s
what are clippings?
Abbrivated versions of longer words usually with a new sense: Fax= facsimilie
Zine=magazine
what are compounds?
Words that consist of one or more words in combination to form a new word: Mallrat, road rage, snail mail
What are blends?
Like compounds but the words are combined in such a way that one or more syllables orf each word are blended and the result is one word: Japanimation, emoticon,
What is an acronym?
Words consisting of the initial letters of words in a useful phrase: Imho= in my humle opinion
radar=radio dectecting and ranging
What are grammatical functors?
Smaller words/categories of lexical items that include affixes: Pronouns, auxiliaries, prepositions, affixes, past tense -ed and plural -s
Smaller in form, closed classes, spesific/narrow meaning, can be affixes, unstressed
What are full lexical words?
Larger in form, open classes, broad/rich meanings, can stand alone as free morphemes, take primary stress.
What is a noun?
Include words that typically refer to entities that have clear boundaries adn are easily distinguished from their environments;
tree, king, mausoleum
What are verbs?
Words that describe visible events that produce changes in the world; die, run, break, cook, explode
What are adjectives?
A word that refers to an attribute, such as color, size, shape, temprament or other property concepts. They can modify noun and pronouns. When they modify a noun they are attribute. Or they can contribute to the main meaning of a predicate.
“None of us is perfect forever” Then they are predicative.
What are adverbs?
Any full lexical word that isn`t clearly a noun or a verb or an adjective is an adverb: we have Manner adverbs; the way in which some activity is carried out)
we have time adverb (when things are carried out)
we have extent adverbs( the degree to which some variable quality is asserted)
We have epistemic adverbs (how likely or possible some situation may be, or how the speaker obtained the information)
we have location adverb (the pleace where a situation occurs)
we have heging adverbs (disclaimers or responsibliltiy)
What are auxiliaries ?
a subclass of verbs. Be, am, is are was, were, been ,being
what are prepositions?
Grammatical functors that precede determind noun phrases (DPs) to specify the semantic role of the DP to the rest of the clause. The syntactic function of prepositional phrases is oblique ( not clear or direct) some prepostions are made up of one or more words; out of, by means of, in spite of
What are pronouns
Pronuns are anaphoric words which means that they are tools that speakers use to refer to or mention parcipants and props on the discourse stage.
