The Learning Process Part 1 - ATP Flight School

Question 1

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Define learning.

Answer 1

A change in behavior as a result of experience.

Question 2

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What is learning theory?

Answer 2

A body of priniciples that attempts to explain how people learn.

Question 3

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What are the two main learning theories?

Answer 3

Behaviorism and cognitive theory

Question 4

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What is behaviorism?

Answer 4

Human behavior is based on observable and measurable responses to stimuli. External view of learning.

Question 5

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What is cognitive theory?

Answer 5

Human behavior is based more on a person’s thought process, cognition, and decision-making than external stimuli. Internal view of learning.

Question 6

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What is a perception?

Answer 6

An observation of the world through the five senses, and the meaning a person gives to that sensation.

Question 7

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What factors affect perception?

Answer 7

Physical organism, goals and values, self-concept, time and opportunity, and element of threat.

Question 8

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Give an example of how the physical organism can affect perception.

Answer 8

A student with poor hearing will have a reduced ability to perceive their surroundings.

Question 9

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Give an example of how goals and values affect perception.

Answer 9

If a student doesn’t believe that a lesson will help them achieve their goals, they may not focus their attention or energy to observe and learn the content.

Question 10

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Explain how self-concept affects perception.

Answer 10

A student whose experiences build their self-image remains open to more experiences. A student with a negative self-image may think that they aren’t capable of learning or doing something, and may give up before they even try.

Question 11

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Give an example of how time and opportunity affect perception.

Answer 11

A student who has only seen one landing hasn’t had enough opportunity to percieve or learn the maneuver.

Question 12

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Explain how element of threat affects perception.

Answer 12

A student will focus all their senses on whatever is scaring them, instead of using the senses to observe the maneuver being taught.

Question 13

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Define insight.

Answer 13

Insight is the grouping of perceptions into meaningful wholes.

Question 14

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How can an instructor facilitate student insight?

Answer 14

By pointing out the relationship of perceptions to the lesson being taught.

Question 15

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Define knowledge.

Answer 15

Information that humans are consciously aware of and can articulate.

Question 16

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What are the three phases of acquiring knowledge?

Answer 16

Memorization, understanding, and concept learning.

Question 17

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Describe memorization.

Answer 17

When a student acquires knowledge by memorizing facts and steps in a procedure.

Question 18

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Describe understanding.

Answer 18

When a student notices similarities and makes associations between facts and procedural steps, organizes knowledge in useful ways, and begins to apply the memorized information.

Question 19

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Describe concept learning

Answer 19

When a student groups objects, events, and ideas that share attributes that set them apart, which helps simplify detailed facts into general concepts.

Question 20

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List the laws of learning.

Answer 20

Readiness, effect, exercise, primacy, intensity, recency

Question 21

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Describe the law of readiness.

Answer 21

Students must see the reason for learning something in order to be motivated to learn.

Question 22

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Describe the law of effect.

Answer 22

Learning is impacted by a student’s emotional response to the experience. Pleasant and positive feelings enhance learning, whereas negative and frustrating feelings detract from learning.

Question 23

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Describe the law of exercise.

Answer 23

Connections are strengthened with practice. This is where the “use it or lose it” concept comes from.

Question 24

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Describe the law of primacy.

Answer 24

A student’s first experience will create a strong, almost unshakable impression, which is why instructors should teach correctly the first time.

Question 25

# ATPFlightSchool.com Describe the law of intensity.

Answer 25

Immediate and exciting experiences that engage multiple senses are more effective for learning than boring experiences.

Question 26

# ATPFlightSchool.com Describe the law of recency.

Answer 26

The things most recently learned are the easiest to remember.

Question 27

# ATPFlightSchool.com What are the domains of learning?

Answer 27

Cognitive, affective, and psychomotor.

Question 28

# ATPFlightSchool.com Describe the cognitive domain.

Answer 28

The cognitive domain involves thinking and learning new information or concepts.

Question 29

# ATPFlightSchool.com What are the four levels of learning in the cognitive domain?

Answer 29

Rote, understanding, application, and correlation.

Question 30

# ATPFlightSchool.com Describe rote knowledge.

Answer 30

The ability to repeat something back which was learned, but not understood.

Question 31

# ATPFlightSchool.com Decribe understanding.

Answer 31

Comprehending the nature or meaning of something.

Question 32

# ATPFlightSchool.com Describe application.

Answer 32

Putting something to use that has been learned.

Question 33

# ATPFlightSchool.com Describe correlation.

Answer 33

Associating what has been learned and applied with previous or subsequent learning.

Question 34

# ATPFlightSchool.com Describe the affective domain.

Answer 34

The affective domain addresses a student's emotions and attitude toward the learning experience.

Question 35

# ATPFlightSchool.com Describe the psychomotor domain.

Answer 35

The psychomotor domain is skill-based and includes physical movement, hand-eye coordination and muscle memory.

Question 36

# ATPFlightSchool.com List the four general characteristics of learning.

Answer 36

Learning is purposeful, a result of experience, multifaceted, and an active process.

Question 37

# ATPFlightSchool.com When is learning purposeful?

Answer 37

When the student understands how the material is going to help them achieve their personal goals.

Question 38

# ATPFlightSchool.com How is learning a result of experience?

Answer 38

A student must be exposed to information or action before learning is possible, as well as mentally or physically engage in the learning process.

Question 39

# ATPFlightSchool.com How is learning multifaceted?

Answer 39

Students will learn more than what the instructor includes in the lesson plan if they fully engage and observe their surroundings. This includes attitudes, independence, communication, decision-making, etc.

Question 40

# ATPFlightSchool.com Why is learning an active process?

Answer 40

Because students must be mentally or physically engaged to learn. Simply attending a lesson does not guarantee that a student has learned the material.