The Learning Process Flashcards
A change in behavior as a result of experience can be defined as?
Learning
The learning process may include some elements such as verbal, conceptual and…
Problem Solving
While learning the material being taught, students may be learning other things as well. this additional learning is called…
Incidental
Individuals make more progress learning if they have a clear objective. this is one feature of the principle of…
Readiness
Things most often repeated are best remembered because of which principle of learning?
Principle of Exercise
Providing opportunities for a student to practice and then directing this process towards a goal is the basis of the principle of…
Exercise
The principle that is based on the emotional reaction of the learner is the principle of…
Effect
Which principle of learning often creates a strong impression?
Principle of Primacy
Which principle of learning implies that a student will learn more from the real thing than from a substitute?
Principle of Intensity
Which principle of learning often determines the sequence of lectures within a course of instruction?
Principle of Recency
What is the basis of all learning?
Perception
Perceptions result when a person…
Gives the meaning to sensations being experienced
A basic need that affects all of a person’s perception is the need to
Maintain and enhance the organized self
Which factor affecting perception has a great influence on the total perceptual process?
Self-concept
Which factor affecting perceptions is based on the effectiveness of the use of a properly planned training syllabus?
Time and opportunity
In the learning process, fear of the element of threat will…
Narrow the student’s perceptual field
Which is one of the ways in which anxiety will affect a student?
Anxiety may limit the student’s ability to learn from perceptions
The mental grouping of affiliated perceptions is called..
Insights
Insights, as as applied to learning, involve a person’s
Grouping of associated perceptions into meaningful wholes
Instruction, as opposed to the trial and error method of learning, is desirable because competent instruction speeds the learning process by…
Teaching the relationship of perceptions as they occur
Name one way an instructor can help develop student insights.
Provide a secure and nonthreatening environment in which to learn
Which memory system processes input from the environment?
Sensory register
The use of some type of association, such as rhymes or mnemonics is best suited to which memory system?
Short-term
How can recording be described?
The relating of incoming information to concepts or knowledge already in memory
Where is information for future use stored?
Long-term memory
The selective process by which the sensory register discards and transmits certain stimuli to the working memory is called…
Precoding
When a person has difficulty recalling information after several years this is called…
Fading
When the learning of similar things overshadows other learning experiences, it is called..
Interference
According to one theory, some forgetting is due to the unconscious practice of submerging an unpleasant experience into the subconscious. This is called..
Repression
Responses that produce a pleasurable return are called…
Praise
The act of consciously pushing a memory out of reach due to feelings associated with remembering it is…
Suppression
The performance of rectangular patterns helps a student fly traffic patterns. What type of transfer of learning is this?
Positive
Which transfer of learning occurs when the performance of a maneuver interferes with the learning of another maneuver?
Negative
To ensure proper habits and correct techniques during training, an instructor should..
Use the building blocks technique of instruction
What level of knowledge is being tested if asked, “What is the maneuvering speed of the aircraft listed in the owner’s manual?”
Rote
During the flight portion of a particular test, the examiner stimulates complete loss of engine power by closing the throttle and announcing “simulated engine failure.” What level of learning is being tested?
Correlation
At which level of learning do most instructors stop teaching?
Application
When asking a student to explain how gross weight affects maneuvering speed, what level of learning is being tested?
Understanding
Commercially-developed test preparation material…
Places emphasis on rote learning rather than more advanced learning levels
A disadvantage of using commercially-developed test preparation material is that…
Students often exhibit a lack of knowledge during oral questioning
Which domain of learning deals with knowledge?
Cognitive
Affective domain relates to…
Attitudes, beliefs and values
The educational objective levels for the cognitive domain are..
Knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis and evaluation
The listing of the hierarchy of objectives is often referred to as a…
Taxonomy
The most complex outcome in the affective domain is…
Characterization
The least complex outcome in the psychomotor domain is..
Perception
An example of a skill involving the cognitive domain would be..
Understanding how the flight controls should be positioned during a turn
An example of a skill involving the psychomotor domain would be..
Applying back pressure to maintain altitude during a sweeping turn
An example of a skill involving the affective domain would be..
Responding to an instructor’s question
Which domain of learning includes physical movement and coordination?
Psychomotor
The educational objective levels: receiving, responding, valuing, organization and characterization; are a part of which domain of learning?
Affective
The educational objective level of the psychomotor domain at which a student’s skill demonstrates new movement patterns and creativity is..
Origination
The least complex outcome in the cognitive domain is..
Knowledge
The best way to prepare a student to perform a task is to..
Provide a clear, step-by-step example
A learning plateau may be defined as the..
Gradual decrease in learning almost to the point where it appears to have ceased before it resumes and proficiency increases
Which is true concerning “learning plateaus”?
Learning plateaus are a normal part of the learning process and tend to be temporary
Instructors can help students who arrive at a learning plateau by..
Moving the student to a different place in the curriculum
Which stage of skill acquisition may be characterized by student ability to assess personal progress and make adjustments in performance?
Associative stage
Which stage of a skill acquisition is characterized by the ability to perform a procedure rapidly and smoothly while devoting little deliberate attention to performance and simultaneously performing other tasks?
Automatic response stage
Studies of skill learning suggest that a student achieves better results if distractions are avoided during what type of practice..
Deliberate Practice
What type of practice is repeating the same drill or doing the same task again and again until the movement becomes automatic?
Blocked
Which stage of skill acquisition may be characterized by performing memorized steps unaware of progress?
Cognitive stage
