The Learning Approach: Social Learning Theory

Question 1

social Learning theory is learning that occurs

Answer 1

Indirectly

Question 2

Albert Bandura agrees with the

Answer 2

Behaviourist approach

Question 3

While Bandura agreed with the behaviourists, he also proposed that learning takes place in

Answer 3

A social context through observation and imitation of others behaviour

Question 4

Vicarious reinforcement is

Answer 4

Learning related to consequences of behaviour

Question 5

Children and adults observe

Answer 5

Other people’s behaviour and take note of the consequences

Question 6

Behaviour that is seen to be reinforced is much more likely to be

Answer 6

Copied

Question 7

Behaviour that is seen to be punished is

Answer 7

Less likely to be copied

Question 8

There are four mediational processes in learning

Answer 8

Attention
Retention
Motor reproduction
Motivation

Question 9

Attention

Answer 9

Whenever behaviour is noticed

Question 10

Retention

Answer 10

Whether behaviour is remembered

Question 11

Motor reproduction

Answer 11

Being able to do it

Question 12

Motivation

Answer 12

The will to perform the behaviour

Question 13

Attention and retention relate to the

Answer 13

Learning of behaviour

Question 14

Motor reproduction and motivation relate to the

Answer 14

Performance of behaviour

Question 15

Children are more likely to imitate the behaviour of

Answer 15

People with whom they identify with

Question 16

Such role models that are similar to the observer tend to be

Answer 16

Attractive and have high standards

Question 17

Bandura’s research 1 - children watched an adult either

Answer 17

Behaving aggressively towards a bobo doll

Behaving non-aggressively towards a bobo doll

Question 18

Bandura’s research 1 - when given their own doll to play with

Answer 18

The children who had seen aggression were much more aggressive towards the doll

Question 19

Bandura’s research 2 - children saw an adult who was either

Answer 19

Rewarded
Punished
Neither rewarded or punished

Question 20

Bandura’s research 2 - when given their own doll to play with

Answer 20

The children who saw the aggression rewarded were much more aggressive themselves

Question 21

The bobo doll studies suggest that children are likely to

Answer 21

Imitate (model) acts of violence if they observe these in an adult role model

Question 22

It is also the case that modelling aggressive behaviour is more likely if

Answer 22

Such behaviour is seen to be rewarded

Question 23

Neither classical conditioning nor operant conditioning can offer a

Answer 23

Comprehensive account of human learning on their own because cognitive factors are omitted

Question 24

Humans and animals store information about

Answer 24

The behaviour of others and use this to make judgements about when it is appropriate to perform certain actions

Question 25

Social learning theory provides a more

Answer 25

Complete explanation of human learning than the behaviourist approach by recognising the role of mediational processes

Question 26

Many of Bandura’s ideas were developed through

Answer 26

Observation of children’s behaviour in a lab setting and this raises the problem of demand characteristics

Question 27

The main purpose of the bobo doll is

Answer 27

To hit it

Question 28

Because the bobo doll is designed to be hit, maybe the children were acting

Answer 28

How they were expecting to act with the toy that they were given

Question 29

Because the bobo doll is designed to be hit, this means that Bandura’s study tells us

Answer 29

Little about how children actually learn aggression in everyday life

Question 30

A consistent finding in the bobo doll experiment was that

Answer 30

Boys showed more aggression than girls, regardless of the specifics of the experimental condition

Question 31

The boys may have been more violent because of differences in levels of

Answer 31

Testosterone which is present in greater quantities in boys and is also linked to aggression

Question 32

The difference in testosterone levels means that Bandura may have underplayed the importance of

Answer 32

Biological factors in social learning

Question 33

Social learning principles may account for how

Answer 33

Children learn from other people around them as well as through the media and this can explain how cultural norms are transmitted

Question 34

Useful in explaning range of behaviours Ao3

Answer 34

Social learning principles have proved useful in understanding a range of behaviours such as how children come to understand their gender role by imitating role models.

Question 35

The biological approach can only explain

Answer 35

Universal behaviours because human biological processes do not change with culture

Question 36

Bandura emphasised

Answer 36

Reciprocal determinism

Question 37

Reciprocal determinism

Answer 37

We are influenced by our environment but we also exert an influence upon it through the behaviours we choose to perform

Question 38

Reciprocal determinism suggests there is some

Answer 38

Free will in the way that we behave

Question 39

Reciprocal determinism is a more

Answer 39

Realistic and flexible position than is suggested by the behaviourist approach as it recognises the role we play in shaping our own environment