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History > The League of Nations > Flashcards

The League of Nations Flashcards

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1
Q

Aims of the league

A
  • improve living and working conditions
  • prevent war
  • encourage disarmament
  • enforce the Treaty of Versailles
  • settle disputes
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2
Q

Covenant of the League (rules)

A
  • collective security
  • disputes referred to the league before fighting
  • details of alliances given to league
  • could impose economic sanctions
  • could call upon members to take military measures
  • members undertook work focusing on aims
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3
Q

Features of the Assembly

A
  • every member country represented
  • met once a year
  • 1 vote per country, votes unanimous
  • elected the council, admitted new members, decided budget, might discuss diputes
  • little power
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4
Q

Features of the Council

A
  • five permeant members
  • 4 non permeant members for 3 years at a time
  • met 3 times a year or whenever was necessary
  • dealt with emergencies
  • needed unanimity
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5
Q

Features of the Secretariat

A
  • civil servants in Geneva
  • Kept records, prepared reports, provided information, and dealt with publicity and communications
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6
Q

What were the Committees?

A

Set up to deal with specific problems
- tackled womens rights, drug smuggling, refugee problems, slavery

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7
Q

How did the league help refugees?

A
  • provided with passports to return home
  • set up camps
  • stopped spread of disease in camps
  • helped 400,000 prisoners of war (ww1)
  • helped Greeks fleeing Smyrna
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8
Q

Features of the Permeant Court of Justice

A
  • 15 judges elected by Assembly and Council every 9 years
  • interpreted treaties and conventions
  • gave verdicts on disputes
  • members not bound to use it
  • no way of enforcing decisions, moral value only
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9
Q

Features of the Mandates Commission

A
  • responsible for all former German and Turkish colonies
  • gave annual reports on progress
  • categorised territories by how ready they were for independence
  • provided education and political/economic advancement
  • mostly mandated by Britain and France
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10
Q

Features of the International Labour Organisation

A
  • contained representatives of all governments, employers, and workers
  • aimed to secure better working conditions
  • introduced 8 hour working day
  • 77 countries agreed to set a minimum wage in 1928
  • campaigned for the removal of white lead paint in the workplace
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11
Q

Features of the Disarmament Commission

A
  • prepared proposals for the limitation of arms
  • attempted to decide a quota for each country
  • failed after Germany tried to rearm
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12
Q

How did the League help slaves?

A
  • set up the slavery commission
  • 200,000 freed in Sierra Leone
  • convinced most of the world to eradicate slavery
  • 1926 Slavery Convention signed by 40 countries
  • no official checking of this
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13
Q

Weaknesses of the League

A
  • USA was not present
  • European club (3/4 of council)
  • rejected Argentinian proposal of more democratic election
  • rejected Japanese proposal of anti racial discrimination
  • Differing attitudes from GB and France
  • Geneva protocol (1924) defeated
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14
Q

What happened in Teshen in 1919?

A
  • disputed between Poland and Czechosolvakia
  • League ruled on a split
  • fighting continued for 20 years
  • failure
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15
Q

What happened in Vilna in 1919?

A
  • was the former capital of Lithuania with a large Polish population
  • claimed by Lithuania
  • seized by Polish army
  • Lithuania appealed but Poles did not leave
  • failure
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16
Q

What happened in Upper Silesia in 1921?

A
  • disputed by Germany and Poland
  • plebiscite held with a close vote
  • fighting followed
  • league declared a split that was accepted by both
  • success
17
Q

What happened to the Aaland Island in 1921?

A
  • owned by Finland but disputed by Sweden
  • league said they should remain with Finland
  • accepted
  • success
18
Q

What happened in Corfu in 1923?

A
  • Italian officers shot when marking Greek border with Albania
  • Mussolini blamed Greece and demanded compensation
  • Greece appealed but Mussolini bombed Corfu
  • Greece forced to pay
  • failure
19
Q

What happened in Greece and Bulgaria in 1925?

A
  • boarder dispute led to Greek invasion of Bulgaria
  • Bulgaria appealed to League
  • League ordered end to fighting and Greece withdrew
  • Greece fined £45000
  • success
20
Q

What happened at the Washington Conference in 1921?

A
  • major naval powers agreed to reduce warships
  • ratios for fleets settled
  • agreed to build any new battleships or cruisers for 10 years
21
Q

What happened to the Geneva protocol?

A
  • said disputes had to be taken to the league
  • new GB government opposed idea
  • other countries did not support
  • idea dropped
22
Q

What was the Dawes plan?

A
  • Germany agreed to continue paying reparations and halt passive resistance in the Ruhr
  • new currency was introduced
  • German reparations payments reduced
  • US gave loans to Germany
23
Q

What were the Locarno Treaties of 1925?

A
  • new approach after failed French occupation of the Ruhr
  • France, Belgium, and Germany agreed to respect the boarder around them as set by Versailles
  • GB and Italy acted as guarantors
  • France would support Czechoslovakia and Poland if attacked
  • partially undermined Versailles
  • Germany joined the League
24
Q

What was the Kellogg-Briand pact

A
  • 65 nations agreed to not resort to war
  • no means of enforcement
  • described as high sounding nothing
25
Q

What was the Young Plan?

A
  • replaced the Dawes plan
  • reduced reparations to £2 million over 58 years
  • never put into practise because of the Great Depression
26
Q

When was the Wall street crash?

A

October 1929

27
Q

What caused the Wall Street Crash?

A

overpriced shares and overproduction

28
Q

What was the Great Depression

A

prices and size of workforce reduced, economic slump

29
Q

What were the worldwide effects of the Great Depression?

A
  • lack of trade/tariffs
  • recalled US loans
  • no demand for goods (from America)
  • militarism to fight unemployment
  • isolationism
30
Q

What were the effects of the Great Depression on Germany?

A
  • US loans recalled ruining economy
  • unemployment
  • support for extreme parties
  • rise of Hitler
31
Q

Why did Japan want to invade Manchuria?

A
  • needed resources due to loss in the Great Depression
  • needed to support a growing population
  • wanted an empire like the British/growing nationalism
  • Japan already had assets in Manchuria
  • China was weak from a civil war
32
Q

How did the Japanese invade Manchuria?

A
  • blew up the Japanese owned railway in Manchuria
  • blamed it on a Chinese attack
  • Japan used this as an excuse to invade
  • China appealed and League condemned
  • Japan agreed but army refused to withdraw
33
Q
A

History (2 decks)

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