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History > The Cold War > Flashcards

The Cold War Flashcards

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1
Q

1st leader of Britain

A

Winston Churchill

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2
Q

First leader of USA

A

Franklin Roosevelt

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3
Q

First USSR leader

A

Joseph Stalin

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4
Q

What happened at the Yalta conference

A

Germany would be de nazifie, criminals out on trial, and then split into four regions controlled by USA USSR Britain and France

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5
Q

Why did they disagree about Poland

A

Stalin wanted it in the USSR, Britain and the USA wanted to hold free election there

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6
Q

Who replaced Roosevelt

A

Harry Truman

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7
Q

Who replaced Churchill

A

Clement Atlee

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8
Q

What had changed by the potsdam conference

A

Red army occupied most of east Europe, new leaders for USA and Britain, successful atomic bombs

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9
Q

What was the iron curtain

A

Metaphorical barrier diving Europe into communist and capitalist zones

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10
Q

What did Churchill suggest in his iron curtain speech

A

That the USSR had set up new communist governments behind the curtain and this would lead to conflict

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11
Q

Why was West Germany nicer than Easy Germany

A

Allies introduced a new currency

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12
Q

Why did Stalin blockade Berlin

A

Believed the currency violated the Potsdam conference, the new combined British and American zones were a threat, he needed to secure communist territory

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13
Q

What did the British and French do to combat the issue

A

Flew supplies in

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14
Q

When did the airlift occur?

A

June 1948-may 1949

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15
Q

Why did the USA not attack the rod blocks

A

If the USA attacked the roadblocks it would be seen as an act of war

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16
Q

Why did they not withdraw from Berlin after the blockade

A

Stalin would gain power from controlling the capital of Germany

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17
Q

How many flights were made to Berlin

A

Nearly 300,000

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18
Q

What was announced after the blockade

A

The German Federal Republic that officially split Germany in two

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19
Q

Who was the leader of South Korea

A

Syngman Rhee

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20
Q

Who was the leader of North Korea

A

Kim il Sung

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21
Q

Why was Korea divided after Ww11

A

It had been controlled by the Japanese but they left and it became filled with troops from each direction

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22
Q

What boundary divided Korea and who was where

A

The 38th parallel, Soviets and communists were to the north and Americans and anti communists were to the south

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23
Q

How did the Korean War begin

A

North Korean troops launched a surprise attack on South Korea

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24
Q

Why did the ISA become involved

A

Truman believed communism must be contained

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25
Q

What was the Truman Doctrine

A

Promise made by America under Harry Truman to contain the spread of communism

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26
Q

What happened at Inchon

A

Loosing South Korean troops launched a surprise attack on the North Koreans from behind their own lines

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27
Q

Why did Truman want to invade North Korea

A

Unite Korea away from communism, punish North Korea for their aggression

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28
Q

Why did China enter the war

A

The advancing of Us troops into North Korea were a threat to it

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29
Q

What happened after UN troops regained control of South Korea in March 1951

A

A stalemate occurred

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30
Q

What did General MacArthur want

A

To attack China

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31
Q

Why did Truman not want to attack China

A

Could start a World War

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32
Q

What did Truman do to MacArthur

A

Fire him because he made public comments

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33
Q

In spring 1951 how did the war progress

A

Very little

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34
Q

When did the fighting in the Korean War end

A

A peace treaty was signed in July 1953

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35
Q

What was created along the new border

A

A demilitarised zone

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36
Q

How many does in the Korean War

A

3 million

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37
Q

How many American troops died in the Korean War

A

36,500

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38
Q

What was the outcome of the war

A

The two halves became separate countries, little else

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39
Q

What message did America deliver by fighting in the Korean War

A

Global leadership and commitment to fighting the spread of communism

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40
Q

Who originally ruled Cuba

A

Fulgencio Batista

41
Q

What kind of a ruler was Batista

A

A dictator

42
Q

When did Batista join the military coup

A

September 1933

43
Q

When did Batista become elected president of Cuba

A

1939

44
Q

Why did Batista become unpopular in 1944

A

He introduced war taxes

45
Q

When did Batista become leader of Cuba the second time

A

March 10th 1952

46
Q

Why did Batista stage a military coup instead of being elected

A

He was going to loose

47
Q

Who did well under Batista

A

The Cuban rich

48
Q

Who attacked the Santiago barracks in July 1953

A

Fidel Castro

49
Q

How did Batista respond to Castros first attack

A

Killed ten civilians for every soldier killed

50
Q

When did Batista release Castro from prisión

A

May 1955

51
Q

Why was Castro so successful

A

He helped the Cuban poor

52
Q

When did Batista have to flee Cuba

A

December 31st 1958

53
Q

How did Castro win the invasion

A

Appeal to the majority, gain publicity in news, guerrilla warfare

54
Q

What was Cuba under Castro

A

A self declared communist state

55
Q

What did Kennedy want to achieve at the bay of pigs

A

A full invasion of Cuba

56
Q

Why did the bay of pigs invasion fail

A

It relied on the locals rising up and helping them, American involvement became public so air strikes not launched

57
Q

What happened in September 1962

A

US spy planes saw nuclear missile sites on Cuba

58
Q

Why were misslies on Cuba a problem

A

Loss of diplomatic advantage, could be fired on US

59
Q

What did Kennedy do about the Cuban missiles

A

Blockade soviet ships

60
Q

What did Kennedy’s generals want to do about the Cuban missiles

A

Invade

61
Q

Who was supplying the missiles to Cuba

A

the soviets

62
Q

What did Khrushchevs first letter demand

A

Kennedy would not invade Cuba and the missiles would be removed in return

63
Q

What did Khruschevs second letter state

A

The US missiles in turkey needed to be removed

64
Q

What did Kennedy do in respond to Khrushchevs letters

A

Agree to the first letters conditions

65
Q

How was a nuclear war avoided in the Cuban missile crisis

A

The USSR backed down and agreed to remove the missiles

66
Q

Who were the Vietnam Minh

A

A communist, anti Japanese rule resistance army in Vietnam

67
Q

Who was Ho Chi Minh

A

Founder and leader of the Vietnam Minh, also controlled the Vietnam Cong

68
Q

Who was Ngo Dinh Diem

A

Leader of the anti communist catholic republic of South Vietnam

69
Q

What is guerrilla warfare

A

Troops attack by ambushing others

70
Q

Who was Vietnam ruled by pre ww11

A

The French

71
Q

Who was Vietnam occupied by during ww11

A

The Japanese

72
Q

When was the Viet Minh set up and why

A

1941, the Japanese rule was harsh

73
Q

Who fought in the Indochina war and why

A

The Viet Minh and the French, the French wanted their colony back from the Viet Minh

74
Q

Why was the result of the Indochina war

A

The French gave up in 1954 and the country was temporarily divided into a north and south

75
Q

What was the domino theory

A

If one country feel to communism others around it would to

76
Q

Why was Ngo Dinh Diem unpopular

A

His harsh regime that involved killing was against the spiritual beliefs of most of the Vietnamese who were Buddhist

77
Q

When was the Viet Cong formed

A

1960

78
Q

Where were the Viet Cong based

A

South Vietnam

79
Q

When did the Korean War start and how

A

In 1962 the Viet Cong launched an attack on South Vietnamese troops

80
Q

What did America do in response to the outbreak of war in Vietnam

A

Send 12000 military advisors

81
Q

When was Diem murdered and his government overthrown

A

1963

82
Q

What was the HoChi Minh trail

A

A supply chain from north to South Vietnam

83
Q

Why could the USA not destroy the Ho Chi Minh trail

A

Parts of it were in other countries, it was a simple trail that could easily be moved if one pet was destroyed, the Americans were not used to forests

84
Q

What happened when Johnson became US president

A

US involvement in the war escalated

85
Q

What was the Gulf of Tonkin resolution and when was it

A

In 1964 communist patrol boats opened fire on the gulf of Tonkin leading to Johnson launching a full scale war on North Vietnam

86
Q

What was operation rolling thunder

A

An American attempt to cut off supply lines to the Viet Cong

87
Q

What tactics did the Viet Cong use in the war

A

Ambush American patrols, set booby traps such as bouncing betties, mingles with normal peasants to hide, use the HoChi Minh trail, were supplied with weapons by China and Russia, stayed close to the Americans to prevent them being bombed, they hid underground

88
Q

What tactics did the Americans use in the Vietnamese war

A

Helicopters and bombers, napalm and other chemical weapons, defoliants to expose the Viet Cong, confine peasant population to hamlets to isolate Viet Cong

89
Q

Why did American tactics not work

A

They were not used to fighting surprise attacks in a jungle

90
Q

When was the Tet offensive

A

Early 1968

91
Q

What was the Tet offensive

A

Viet Cong attacks on over 100 cities and military targets

92
Q

What was the result of the Tet offensive

A

The American public lost support in the war due to the casualties

93
Q

What was the my lai massacre and what was its outcome

A

American troops killed an entire village, the American public were outraged

94
Q

When were the Kent state shootings

A

1970

95
Q

Why did the Kent state shootings occur

A

Students were protesting about the war, it became violent

96
Q

When was the Vietnamese peace agreement signed

A

January 1973

97
Q

What was the outcome of the Vietnamese war on the US

A

Humiliation, they has failed to contain communism and has caused a propaganda disaster

98
Q

What new president pushed for the signing of a Vietnamese peace treaty

A

Nixon

History (2 decks)

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