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The Cold War Flashcards

1
Q

1st leader of Britain

A

Winston Churchill

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2
Q

First leader of USA

A

Franklin Roosevelt

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3
Q

First USSR leader

A

Joseph Stalin

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4
Q

What happened at the Yalta conference

A

Germany would be de nazifie, criminals out on trial, and then split into four regions controlled by USA USSR Britain and France

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5
Q

Why did they disagree about Poland

A

Stalin wanted it in the USSR, Britain and the USA wanted to hold free election there

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6
Q

Who replaced Roosevelt

A

Harry Truman

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7
Q

Who replaced Churchill

A

Clement Atlee

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8
Q

What had changed by the potsdam conference

A

Red army occupied most of east Europe, new leaders for USA and Britain, successful atomic bombs

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9
Q

What was the iron curtain

A

Metaphorical barrier diving Europe into communist and capitalist zones

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10
Q

What did Churchill suggest in his iron curtain speech

A

That the USSR had set up new communist governments behind the curtain and this would lead to conflict

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11
Q

Why was West Germany nicer than Easy Germany

A

Allies introduced a new currency

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12
Q

Why did Stalin blockade Berlin

A

Believed the currency violated the Potsdam conference, the new combined British and American zones were a threat, he needed to secure communist territory

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13
Q

What did the British and French do to combat the issue

A

Flew supplies in

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14
Q

When did the airlift occur?

A

June 1948-may 1949

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15
Q

Why did the USA not attack the rod blocks

A

If the USA attacked the roadblocks it would be seen as an act of war

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16
Q

Why did they not withdraw from Berlin after the blockade

A

Stalin would gain power from controlling the capital of Germany

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17
Q

How many flights were made to Berlin

A

Nearly 300,000

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18
Q

What was announced after the blockade

A

The German Federal Republic that officially split Germany in two

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19
Q

Who was the leader of South Korea

A

Syngman Rhee

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20
Q

Who was the leader of North Korea

A

Kim il Sung

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21
Q

Why was Korea divided after Ww11

A

It had been controlled by the Japanese but they left and it became filled with troops from each direction

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22
Q

What boundary divided Korea and who was where

A

The 38th parallel, Soviets and communists were to the north and Americans and anti communists were to the south

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23
Q

How did the Korean War begin

A

North Korean troops launched a surprise attack on South Korea

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24
Q

Why did the ISA become involved

A

Truman believed communism must be contained

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25
What was the Truman Doctrine
Promise made by America under Harry Truman to contain the spread of communism
26
What happened at Inchon
Loosing South Korean troops launched a surprise attack on the North Koreans from behind their own lines
27
Why did Truman want to invade North Korea
Unite Korea away from communism, punish North Korea for their aggression
28
Why did China enter the war
The advancing of Us troops into North Korea were a threat to it
29
What happened after UN troops regained control of South Korea in March 1951
A stalemate occurred
30
What did General MacArthur want
To attack China
31
Why did Truman not want to attack China
Could start a World War
32
What did Truman do to MacArthur
Fire him because he made public comments
33
In spring 1951 how did the war progress
Very little
34
When did the fighting in the Korean War end
A peace treaty was signed in July 1953
35
What was created along the new border
A demilitarised zone
36
How many does in the Korean War
3 million
37
How many American troops died in the Korean War
36,500
38
What was the outcome of the war
The two halves became separate countries, little else
39
What message did America deliver by fighting in the Korean War
Global leadership and commitment to fighting the spread of communism
40
Who originally ruled Cuba
Fulgencio Batista
41
What kind of a ruler was Batista
A dictator
42
When did Batista join the military coup
September 1933
43
When did Batista become elected president of Cuba
1939
44
Why did Batista become unpopular in 1944
He introduced war taxes
45
When did Batista become leader of Cuba the second time
March 10th 1952
46
Why did Batista stage a military coup instead of being elected
He was going to loose
47
Who did well under Batista
The Cuban rich
48
Who attacked the Santiago barracks in July 1953
Fidel Castro
49
How did Batista respond to Castros first attack
Killed ten civilians for every soldier killed
50
When did Batista release Castro from prisión
May 1955
51
Why was Castro so successful
He helped the Cuban poor
52
When did Batista have to flee Cuba
December 31st 1958
53
How did Castro win the invasion
Appeal to the majority, gain publicity in news, guerrilla warfare
54
What was Cuba under Castro
A self declared communist state
55
What did Kennedy want to achieve at the bay of pigs
A full invasion of Cuba
56
Why did the bay of pigs invasion fail
It relied on the locals rising up and helping them, American involvement became public so air strikes not launched
57
What happened in September 1962
US spy planes saw nuclear missile sites on Cuba
58
Why were misslies on Cuba a problem
Loss of diplomatic advantage, could be fired on US
59
What did Kennedy do about the Cuban missiles
Blockade soviet ships
60
What did Kennedy’s generals want to do about the Cuban missiles
Invade
61
Who was supplying the missiles to Cuba
the soviets
62
What did Khrushchevs first letter demand
Kennedy would not invade Cuba and the missiles would be removed in return
63
What did Khruschevs second letter state
The US missiles in turkey needed to be removed
64
What did Kennedy do in respond to Khrushchevs letters
Agree to the first letters conditions
65
How was a nuclear war avoided in the Cuban missile crisis
The USSR backed down and agreed to remove the missiles
66
Who were the Vietnam Minh
A communist, anti Japanese rule resistance army in Vietnam
67
Who was Ho Chi Minh
Founder and leader of the Vietnam Minh, also controlled the Vietnam Cong
68
Who was Ngo Dinh Diem
Leader of the anti communist catholic republic of South Vietnam
69
What is guerrilla warfare
Troops attack by ambushing others
70
Who was Vietnam ruled by pre ww11
The French
71
Who was Vietnam occupied by during ww11
The Japanese
72
When was the Viet Minh set up and why
1941, the Japanese rule was harsh
73
Who fought in the Indochina war and why
The Viet Minh and the French, the French wanted their colony back from the Viet Minh
74
Why was the result of the Indochina war
The French gave up in 1954 and the country was temporarily divided into a north and south
75
What was the domino theory
If one country feel to communism others around it would to
76
Why was Ngo Dinh Diem unpopular
His harsh regime that involved killing was against the spiritual beliefs of most of the Vietnamese who were Buddhist
77
When was the Viet Cong formed
1960
78
Where were the Viet Cong based
South Vietnam
79
When did the Korean War start and how
In 1962 the Viet Cong launched an attack on South Vietnamese troops
80
What did America do in response to the outbreak of war in Vietnam
Send 12000 military advisors
81
When was Diem murdered and his government overthrown
1963
82
What was the HoChi Minh trail
A supply chain from north to South Vietnam
83
Why could the USA not destroy the Ho Chi Minh trail
Parts of it were in other countries, it was a simple trail that could easily be moved if one pet was destroyed, the Americans were not used to forests
84
What happened when Johnson became US president
US involvement in the war escalated
85
What was the Gulf of Tonkin resolution and when was it
In 1964 communist patrol boats opened fire on the gulf of Tonkin leading to Johnson launching a full scale war on North Vietnam
86
What was operation rolling thunder
An American attempt to cut off supply lines to the Viet Cong
87
What tactics did the Viet Cong use in the war
Ambush American patrols, set booby traps such as bouncing betties, mingles with normal peasants to hide, use the HoChi Minh trail, were supplied with weapons by China and Russia, stayed close to the Americans to prevent them being bombed, they hid underground
88
What tactics did the Americans use in the Vietnamese war
Helicopters and bombers, napalm and other chemical weapons, defoliants to expose the Viet Cong, confine peasant population to hamlets to isolate Viet Cong
89
Why did American tactics not work
They were not used to fighting surprise attacks in a jungle
90
When was the Tet offensive
Early 1968
91
What was the Tet offensive
Viet Cong attacks on over 100 cities and military targets
92
What was the result of the Tet offensive
The American public lost support in the war due to the casualties
93
What was the my lai massacre and what was its outcome
American troops killed an entire village, the American public were outraged
94
When were the Kent state shootings
1970
95
Why did the Kent state shootings occur
Students were protesting about the war, it became violent
96
When was the Vietnamese peace agreement signed
January 1973
97
What was the outcome of the Vietnamese war on the US
Humiliation, they has failed to contain communism and has caused a propaganda disaster
98
What new president pushed for the signing of a Vietnamese peace treaty
Nixon

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