The Laws of Motion

Question 1

Describes the relationship between the motion
of objects in our everyday world and the forces
acting on them

Answer 1

Classical Mechanics

Question 2

➢ 1642 – 1727
➢ Formulated basic concepts and laws of
mechanics
➢ Universal Gravitation
➢ Calculus
➢ Light and optics

Answer 2

Isaac Newton

Question 2

The ____ is defined as the vector sum of all
the external forces exerted on the object

Answer 2

Net Force

Question 3

• Commonly imagined as a push or pull on some
  object
• Vector quantity

Answer 3

Forces

Question 4

• An object moves with a velocity that is constant in
  magnitude and direction, unless acted on by a
  nonzero net force

Answer 4

Newton’s First Law

Question 5

Forces that originate within the object
itself
o They cannot change the object’s velocity

Answer 5

Internal Force

Question 6

Any force that results from the interaction
between the object and its environment

Answer 6

External Force

Question 7

Is the tendency of an object to continue in its
original motion
o In the absence of a force
➢ Thought experiment
o Hit a golf ball
o Hit a bowling ball with the same force
o The golf ball will travel farther
o Both resist changes in their motion

Answer 7

Inertia

Question 8

A measure of the resistance of an object to
changes in its motion due to a force
o The larger the ____, the less it accelerates
under the action of a given force
➢ SI units are kg
➢ Scalar quantity

Answer 8

Mass

Question 9

The acceleration of an object is directly proportional
to the net force acting on it and inversely
proportional to its mass.

Answer 9

Newton’s Second Law

Question 9

o Every particle in the Universe attracts every
other particle with a force that is directly
proportional to the product of the masses of
the particles and inversely proportional to
the square of the distance between them

Answer 9

Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation

Question 10

• If object 1 and object 2 interact, the force exerted by
  object 1 on object 2 is equal in magnitude but
  opposite in direction to the force exerted by object 2
  on object 1.
  ➢
  ➢ Equivalent to saying a single isolated force
  cannot exist

Answer 10

Newton’s Third Law

Question 11

• When an object is in motion on a surface or through
  a viscous medium, there will be a resistance to the
  motion
  ➢ This is due to the interactions between the object
  and its environment

Answer 11

Friction

Question 12

____ friction acts to keep
the object from moving

Answer 12

Static

Question 13

The force of ____
friction acts when the
object is in motion

Answer 13

Kinetic