The Knee Joint Flashcards

1
Q

articulations for knee joint

A

2 femerotibial - medial and lateral

1 femeropatellar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the effect of hip extension on knee flexion?

A

limited knee flexion when extended due to loss of tension of hamstrings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

requirements for rotation of knee:

A

knee is flexed and collateral ligaments are relaxed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what happens to the joint when approaching full extension

A

undergoes few degrees of medial rotation on the tibia

locks knee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how is the knee unlocked?

A

popliteus muscle which laterally rotates the femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is more stable knee movement?

A

extension as the surface of the tibial condyls is flat = tibial plateau

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

functions of menisci

A

increased joint congruency
distribute weight evenly shock absorption
assist locking mechanism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

medial meniscus is attached to

A

the tibial collateral ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

types meniscal tears

A
vertical
transverse
peripheral
bucket-handle
parrot-beak
flap
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

ligaments inside the joint are called

e.g.

A

intra-articular

ant. + post. cruciate ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

ligaments outside the joint are called

e.g.

A

extra-articular

fibular + tibial collateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

posterior cruciate ligament features

A

post. intercondylar region of the tibia

travels superolaterally to medial femoral condyle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

ant. cruciate ligament features

A

attaches to ant. intercondylar region of the tibia

travels supero-posteriorly to attach to the lateral femoral condyle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

function of posterior cruciate

A

post - stops post displacement

prevents hyperflexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how to damage post. cruciate ligament

A

damage when landing on tibial tuberosity when knee is flexed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

function of anterior cruciate

A

prevents ant. displacement of tibia of femur

prevents hyperextension

17
Q

to injure ant. cruciate ligament

A

occurs when knee is hyperextended and force is applied anteriorly

18
Q

what does tibial collateral prevent

A

abduction of the leg at the knee

19
Q

what does fibular collateral prevent

A

adduction of the leg at the knee

20
Q

what causes the unhappy triad?

A

excessive lateral twisting of flexed knee
or
blow to lateral side of extended knee

21
Q

what ligaments are damaged?

A

tears tibial collateral ligament which is attached to the medial meniscus, which then also tears

ACL may also tear as it is taught due to flexion

22
Q

muscles of knee

A
quadriceps
hamstrings (post thigh)
sartorius
gracilis
iliotibial tract
23
Q

where are the bursae?

A

Prepatellar bursa - in front of patella
Deep and superficial infrapatellar bursa - below patella
Suprapatellar bursa - behind patella in front of femur

24
Q

What muscles pull superolaterally?

A

Rectus femoris
Vastus intermedius
Vastus lateralis

25
What muscles pull horizontally?
Pull of vastus medialis
26
why is dislocation more common in females?
pull of vastus lateralis is wider and more shallow because angle of femur (Q) in females is more oblique due to wider pelvis
27
Genu varum
Bow leg Tibia adducted with respect to femur
28
Gene valgum
Knock knee Tibia abducted with respect to femur