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Movement Analysis II > The Knee > Flashcards

The Knee Flashcards

0
Q

In close chain extension, what happens during the last 10* of extension?

A

Femur internal rotation

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1
Q

In open-chain knee extension, what happens during the last 10* of extension?

A

Tibia external rotation

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2
Q

ACL attached?

A

Medial side of the lateral femoral condyle to anterior intercondylar area of tibial plateau.

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3
Q

PCL attached?

A

Lateral side of medial femoral condyle to posterior intercondylar area of tibia.

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4
Q

ACL mechanism of injury?

A

Hyperextension or valgus with foot planted combined with internal rotation.

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5
Q

PCL mechanism of injury?

A

Hyperflexion, pre-tibial trauma hyperextension or large varus or valgus force with axial rotation.

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6
Q

ACL bundles?

A

Posterior-lateral

Anterior-medial

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7
Q

PCL bundles?

A

Anterior-lateral

Posterior-medial

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8
Q

MCL resists?

A

Valgus

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9
Q

LCL resists?

A

Varus

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10
Q

MCL attaches?

A

Anterior fibers - posterior to pes anserine

Posterior fibers - posterior-medial capsule, medial meniscus, semimembranosis

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11
Q

LCL attaches?

A

Distally to fibula head with biceps femoris

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12
Q

Primary function collateral ligaments?

A

Limit frontal plane motion

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13
Q

Secondary functions of collateral ligaments?

A

Limit knee extension (shared with posterior capsule OPL, knee flexors, ACL)
Limit IR/ER in flexion

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14
Q

As knee extends, patella moves?

A

Up

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15
Q

As knee flexes, patella moves?

A

Down

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16
Q

Patella baha

A

Shortened patella tendon, patella pulled down

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17
Q

Patella alta

A

Quad short, patella pulled up

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18
Q

135* flexion

A

Superior pole patella contacts femur

Lateral edge lateral and odd facet share articular contact with femur

19
Q

25* flexion

A

Inferior pole patella contacts femur

20
Q

Knee extensors

A 
Quads
Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius
21
Q

Knee flexors

A

Hamstrings (also hip flexors)
Semimembranosis
Semitendinosis
Biceps femoris

22
Q

Knee internal rotators (open chain)?

A

Popliteus
Semimembranosis
Semitendinosis

23
Q

Knee external rotator (open chain)?

A

Biceps femoris

24
Q

Open chain tibia internal rotation effect of menisci?

A

Anterior medial meniscus and posterior lateral meniscus compressed

25
Q

Open chain tibia external rotation effect of menisci?

A

Anterior lateral meniscus and posterior medial meniscus compressed

26
Q

Knee forms angle which way?

A

To lateral side

27
Q

Normal genu valgum?

A

170-175*

By age 3/4

28
Q

Excessive genu valgum?

A

<165*
Knock knee
Lateral compression, medial tension

29
Q

Genu varum?

A

> 180*
Bowleg
Medial compression, lateral tension

30
Q

Open chain knee flexion?

A

Tibia rolls and slides posterior

31
Q

Open chain knee extension?

A

Tibia rolls and slides anterior

Menisci pulled anterior by contracting quads

32
Q

Closed chain knee flexion?

A

Femoral condyles roll posterior, sliced anterior

33
Q

Closed chain knee extension?

A

Femoral condyles roll anterior, slide posterior

Quads direct roll of femoral condyle

34
Q

Primary function of menisci?

A

Reduce compressive stress at TFJ

35
Q

Secondary functions of menisci?

A 
Stabilize joint during movement 
Lubricating articular cartilage
Reduction of friction
Guides knee arthrokinematics 
Increase bony fit in TFJ
36
Q

Medial meniscus

A

C-shaped external border attaches to MCL

Attaches to semimembranosis

37
Q

Lateral meniscus

A

Circular shape external border attaches to lateral capsule.
Attaches to femur via posterior meniscofemoral ligaments.
Attaches to popliteus.

38
Q

Popliteus tendon passes?

A

Between LCL and lateral meniscus

39
Q

Connects menisci anteriorly?

A

Transverse ligament

40
Q

Menisci anchored to intercondylar region of tibia by?

A

Anterior and posterior horns

41
Q

Coronary (meniscotibial) ligament?

A

Attaches external edge of menisci to tibia and capsule.

Allows pivoting laterally.

42
Q

PCL taut?

A

Extremes of flexion

43
Q

ACL taut?

A

As knee approaches extension

44
Q

Cruciate ligaments can limit extremes of?

A

All motion

45
Q

ACL prevents?

A

Anterior translation of tibia in open chain.

Posterior translation of femur in closed chain.

46
Q

PCL prevents?

A

Posterior translation of tibia in open chain.

Anterior translation of femur in closed chain.

Movement Analysis II (4 decks)

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