The Kidneys Flashcards
what are kidneys
organs that act as filters to clean the blood
how do kidneys make urine
by taking waste products out of your blood
what is filtration in the kidneys
substances being filtered out of the blood as it passes through the kidneys
what is absorbed back into the blood during filtration
useful substances like glucose, some ions and the right amount of water
what is the process called for absorbing specific substances back into the blood during filtration
selective reabsorption
what substances are removed from the body in urine
urea, ions and water
describe the process of deamination
- proteins , and amino acids, cant be stored by the body as any excess is converted into fats and carbs, which can be stored
- this process occuring in the liver is called deamination
how is urea made and why is it flushed out
- ammonia is produced as a waste product from deamination
- ammonia is toxic so its converted to urea in the liver
- urea is transported to kidneys where its filtered out of blood and excreted from body in urine
how do ions like sodium even end up in the blood in the first place
by eating
what happens when the ion content in the body is wrong
it could upset the balance between ions and water, meaning too much or too little water is drawn into cells by osmosis
what can having the wrong amount of water in cells do
damage them or result in them not working properly
what does the body have to balance in terms of water
water coming in against water going out
how do we lose water
by sweating and from the lungs when breathing out
if we cant fully control how much water we lose, how does the body balance it
by the amount we consume and the amount removed by the kidneys in urine
what is the concentration of urine controlled by
a hormone called anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)
