Puberty And The Menstrual Cycle Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the main part of the menstrual cycle

A

the monthly release of an egg from the womans ovaries

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2
Q

during puberty, what does your body start releasing

A

sex hormones that trigger secondary sexual characteristics

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3
Q

give an example of secondary sexual characteristics in men and women

A

development of facial hair in men and the development of breasts in women + causes egg to mature in women

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4
Q

what is the main reproductive hormone in men, where is it produced and what does it stimulate

A

testosterone, produced in the testes, stimulates sperm production

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5
Q

what is the main reproductive hormone in women, where is it produced and what is it involved in

A

oestrogen, in the ovaries, involved in the menstrual cycle

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6
Q

how many stages compose the menstrual cycle

A

4 stages

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7
Q

length of stage 1 and what happens in it

A
  • day 1 to 4, the menstruation starts

- uterus lining breaks down for about 4 days

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8
Q

length of stage 2 and what happens in it

A
  • day 4 to 14, uterus lining builds up again

- builds into a thick spongy layer full of blood vessels, ready to receive a fertilised egg

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9
Q

length of stage 3 and what happens in it

A
  • day 14

- egg develops and is released from the ovary (ovulation)

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10
Q

length of stage 4 and what happens in it

A
  • day 14 to 28, wall is maintained for 14 days

- if no fertilised egg lands on the uterus wall by day 28, spongy lining breaks down and the whole cycle starts again

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11
Q

what is the menstrual cycle controlled by

A

hormones

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12
Q

what are the four hormones controlling the menstrual cycle

A
  • follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
  • oestrogen
  • luteinising hormone (LH)
  • progesterone
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13
Q

where is FSH produced and what does it do

A
  • produced in the pituitary gland

- causes an egg to mature in one of the ovaries, in a structure called follicle

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14
Q

where is oestrogen produced and what does it do

A
  • produced in the ovaries
  • causes lining of the uterus to grow
  • stimulates the release of LH and inhibits release of FSH
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15
Q

where is LH produced and what does it do

A
  • produced by the pituitary gland

- stimulates the release of an egg at day 14 (ovulation)

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16
Q

where is progesterone produced and what does it do

A
  • produced in the ovaries by the remains of the follicle after ovulation
  • maintains the lining of the uterus during the second half of the cycle
  • when level of progesterone falls, the lining breaks down
  • inhibits the release of LH and FSH