The joints- movements

Question 1

Position and type of joint- Shoulder

Answer 1

Glenoid cavity of scapula/head of humorous

Ball and socket Joint

Question 2

Movements of shoulder

Answer 2

Flexion (antiversion), extension (retroversion), abduction (to 90’), elevation (above 90’), adduction, inward rotation, outward rotation, circumduction

Question 3

Flexion (anti version) of shoulder- muscles

Answer 3

Anterior deltoid, bicep brachii (short head), upper part of pectorallis major, coracobrachiallis, serratus anterior

Question 4

Extension (retroversion) of shoulder- muscles

Answer 4

teres minor, latissimus dorsi, tricep brachii (long head), posterior deltoid

Question 5

Elevation of shoulder- muscles

Answer 5

Serratus anterior, upper trapezius, levator scapula

Question 6

Abduction of shoulder- muscles

Answer 6

supraspinatus, deltoid, bicep brachii (long head)

Question 7

adduction of shoulder- muscles

Answer 7

latissimus dorsi, teres minor, tricep brachii (long head), lower part of pectorals major, bicep brachii (short head)

Question 8

inward rotation of shoulder- muscles

Answer 8

subscapularis, teres minor, pectorallis major, bicep brachii (long head), anterior deltoid, latissimus dorsi

Question 9

outward rotation of shoulder- muscles

Answer 9

infraspinatus, teres minor, posterior deltoid, lower trapezius

Question 10

circumduction of shoulder- muscles

Answer 10

comparing all of the above

Question 11

How does the shoulder incorporate different joints in movements

Answer 11

the shoulder plays an integral part of the shoulder girdle, incorporating the sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular (both gliding) joints. All muscles of the neck and upper torso which attach the scapula and clavicle are involved of shoulder movements.

Question 12

Elbow joint position and type

Answer 12

Humerus/ ulnar, humerus/radius joint- hinge

radius/ ulnar (head) joint- gliding/pivot

Question 13

Elbow joint movements

Answer 13

Flexion, extension, pronation, supination

Question 14

Flexion of elbow muscles

Answer 14

bicep brachii, brachialis, extensor carpi radius longus, pronator teres

Question 15

extension of elbow muscles

Answer 15

tricep brachii, anconeus

Question 16

pronation of elbow muscles

Answer 16

pronator quadratus/teres, flexor carpi radialis/longus, brachio radiallis

Question 17

supination of elbow muscles

Answer 17

supinator, bicep brachii, abductor/extensor pollicis longus, brachioradialis

Question 18

Types of joints in the wrist and hand

Answer 18

Radius ulna (distal)= gliding/pivot
radius/ulna/carpal bones= condyloid 
carpal joints= gliding 
trapezium/ metacarpals (thumb)= saddle 
carpals/metacarpals= gliding 
metacarpal bones/ phalanges= condyloid 
phalangeal joints

Question 19

Palmer flexion of wrist muscles

Answer 19

flexors; digitorum superficialos/profundas, capri ulnas, pollicis longus, carpi radialis, adductor pollicis longus (common flexors)

Question 20

dorsi flexion of wrist muscles

Answer 20

extensors: digitorum, capri radialis longus/ brevis, pollicis longus, digiti minimi (common extensors)

Question 21

radial abduction of wrist muscles

Answer 21

extensor carpi radials longus, abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis longus, flexor carpi radialis, flexor pollicis longus

Question 22

Ulnar abduction of wrist muscles

Answer 22

extensor/ flexor carpi ulnas, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi

Question 23

Hip joint type

Answer 23

acetabulum of ilium/ head of femur- ball and socket joint

Question 24

Flexion of hip muscles

Answer 24

IIiacus, psoas, rectus femoris, tensor fascia lata, pectineus, adductor longus brevis Magnus

Question 25

extension of hip muscles

Answer 25

gluteus maximas, gluteus medius and minimus (dorsal fibres), hamstring adductor Magnus, pirifirmis

Question 26

abduction of hip muscles

Answer 26

gluteus max/med/min, tensor fasciae lata, obturator internus, piriformis

Question 27

adduction of hip muscles

Answer 27

adductor b/l/m, gracilis, pectineus, quadras femoris obturator internus

Question 28

inward rotation of hip muscles

Answer 28

gluteus medius/ minimus, tensor fasciae lata, adductor Magnus, pectineus

Question 29

outward rotation of hip muscles

Answer 29

gluteus max/med/min, piriformis, quadras femoris, obturator internus/ extents, iliopsoas, sartoirius

Question 30

circumduction of hip muscles

Answer 30

combination of all the muscles

Question 31

Knee joint types

Answer 31

femoral condyles/ tibial condyles- structurally condyloid, functionally hinge patella/ femur- gliding

Question 32

flexion of knee muscles

Answer 32

semimembranosis, semitentinosus, bicep femoris, popliteus, gastrocnemius, gracilis, sartouris,

Question 33

extension of knee muscles

Answer 33

rectus femoris, vastas medialis/ intermedius/ lateralis, tensor fasica lata

Question 34

medial rotation (knee flexed) of knee muscles

Answer 34

semimembranosis, semitentinosus, gracilis, sartouris, popliteus

Question 35

lateral rotation (knee flexed) of knee muscles

Answer 35

bicep femoris

Question 36

Ankle and foot joint types

Answer 36

``` tibia/fibula/ talas- hinge tarsal joints- gliding tarsals/ metatarsals- gliding metatarsals/ phalanges- condyloid phalangeal joints ```

Question 37

plantar flexion of ankle and foot

Answer 37

gastrocnemius, soleus (tricep surae), peroneus longus/ brevis, flexor digitorum longus, tibialis posterior

Question 38

dorsi flexion of ankle and foot

Answer 38

tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus

Question 39

pronation of ankle and foot muscles

Answer 39

peroneus longus/ brevis/ teritus, extensor digitorum longus

Question 40

supination of ankle and foot muscle

Answer 40

gastrocnemius, soleus, tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus, tibialis anterior

Question 41

axial joints

Answer 41

Atlas/ axis- pivot inter vertebrae- gliding (with carriage discs) vertebrae/ ribs- gliding costal cartilage- sternum- gliding sternum/ clavicle- gliding IIium- sarcrum gliding (semi fixed with limited movement)

Question 42

Movements of wrist and hand joint

Answer 42

palmar flexion, dorsi flexion, radial abduction, ulnar abduction

Question 43

Movements of hip joint

Answer 43

flexion, extension, adduction, adduction, inward/ outward rotation, circumduction

Question 44

movements of knee joint

Answer 44

flexion, extension, medial rotation, lateral rotation

Question 45

movements of ankle and foot joint

Answer 45

plantar flexion, dorsi flexion, pronation, supination