the Interregnum, the Restoration, and the Glorious Revolution: Flashcards
Q: What was the Commonwealth (1649-1653), and who ruled it?
A: The Commonwealth was a period after the monarchy was abolished, ruled by Oliver Cromwell as Lord Protector. It was marked by Puritan laws aiming to purify the Church of England.
Q: What was the Protectorate (1653-1660)?
A: The Protectorate was the government set up by Cromwell after he dissolved the Rump Parliament. He ruled as Lord Protector, but tensions between Parliament and the army caused instability.
Q: What was the legacy of Oliver Cromwell’s rule?
A: Cromwell’s rule failed to satisfy royalists or republicans, leading to the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660.
Q: What was the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660?
A: After the failure of Cromwell’s son Richard to maintain authority, Charles II was invited back to the throne, marking the return of the monarchy and the reinstatement of the Church of England.
Q: What was the Clarendon Code?
A: The Clarendon Code (1660s) was a series of laws that aimed to strengthen the Church of England, including the Corporation Act, Act of Uniformity, Conventicle Act, and Five Mile Act.
Q: What was the Corporation Act (1661)?
A: The Corporation Act required all government officials to swear loyalty to the Church of England and renounce Puritan beliefs.
Q: What was the Act of Uniformity (1662)?
A: The Act of Uniformity made the use of the Book of Common Prayer mandatory in all church services, forcing many Puritan clergy to leave their positions.
Q: What was the Conventicle Act (1664)?
A: The Conventicle Act banned religious gatherings of more than five people outside the Church of England, targeting nonconformist worship.
Q: What was the Five Mile Act (1665)?
A: The Five Mile Act prohibited nonconformist ministers from living within five miles of towns where they had previously preached, further restricting religious freedom.
Q: What were two major events that affected London during Charles II’s reign?
A: The Great Plague and the Great Fire of London devastated the city during Charles II’s reign.
Q: How did Charles II’s reign influence arts and entertainment?
A: Charles II’s reign saw an increased focus on arts and entertainment, contributing to the cultural flourishing of the period.
Q: What was the Glorious Revolution, and how did it relate to James II?
A: The Glorious Revolution (1688) occurred when James II’s Catholic policies alienated Parliament and the public. His policies led to his overthrow in favor of William of Orange and his wife Mary II.
