The Industrial Age

Question 1

what is guerrilla warfare?

Answer 1

combat that used unconventional kinds of tactics

Question 2

What is an insurgent

Answer 2

a person or or rebel fighting against a government/invading force. not an official member of a countries armed forces

Question 3

What are combined arms tactics?

Answer 3

the close coordination between land troops and military aircraft during an attack

Question 4

What year was the battle of Waterloo

Answer 4

1815

Question 5

Where was the battle of Waterloo fought

Answer 5

Present day Belgium

Question 6

Who fought at the battle of Waterloo

Answer 6

French Vs. British, Dutch, Belgian and Prussian

Question 7

Who was the French army led by at the battle of Waterloo

Answer 7

Napoleon Bonaparte

Question 8

Who were the allied army led by at the battle of Waterloo

Answer 8

Arthur Wellesley, Duke of Wellington

Question 9

Who won the battle of Waterloo

Answer 9

The allied army

Question 10

What was wellingtons main strategy?

Answer 10

Wait for french to attack as they were outnumbered

Question 11

What key features on the battlefield gave the allies an advantage

Answer 11

• ridge line where British infantry were positioned so it was harder for french to see them
• marshy land. Was waterlogged. Cavalry and infantry find it hard to move across the land
• la haye sainte : a group of stone farm buildings
• chateau de hougoumont : large strong stone buildings

Question 12

What was stage 1 of the Battle of Waterloo and what were wellingtons decisions

Answer 12

Stage 1 : positioning his troops

• small number of troops on east side
• substantial number of troops on west side
• troops to occupy and reinforce chateau d’hougoumomt and la haye sainte
• majority of troops in centre behind ridge line

Question 13

What was stage 2 of the Battle of Waterloo and what were wellingtons decisions

Answer 13

Stage 2 : The french attack Chateau d’hougoumont

-sent some reinforcements to hougoumont

Question 14

What was stage 3 of the Battle of Waterloo and what were wellingtons decisions

Answer 14

Stage 3 : french artillery bombardment

-ordering the infantry in the centre of the battlefield to lie down on the reverse side of the ridge

Question 15

infantry formation at waterloo

Answer 15

square formations four men deep to defend against cavalry charges

Question 16

british artillery at waterloo

Answer 16

6 pound artillery gun that could fire two shells per minute with 500 m range

Question 17

recruitment of infantry at the start of the industrial period

Answer 17

• by 1700 there were professional soldiers but army sizes peaked during when britain was involved in foreign wars

Question 18

how were officers recruited

Answer 18

the purchase system and nepotism

Question 19

how were steam ships used at the crimean war

Answer 19

used to transport men, weapons, ammo and food supplies more quickly

Question 20

how were steam railways used at the crimean war

Answer 20

transport supplies from the port of balaclava to troops in the hills of sevastopol

Question 21

what did the development of the electric telegraph do during the crimean war

Answer 21

first wars where communication of events was possible

Question 22

How did weapons change at the crimean war

Answer 22

infantrymen equipped with rifles and not muskets. these had further range and better accuracy

Question 23

when was the battle of balaclava

Answer 23

1854

Question 24

Cavalry at the battle of balaclava

Answer 24

carried pistols but swords still used due to pistols poor accuracy and limited range

Question 25

summary of cardwells reforms

Answer 25

1) abolish purchase system
2) Increase in government control over the army
3) reduction of enlistment period from 21-12 years
4) abolotion of flogging as punishment during peacetime
5) abolition of branding as punishment
6) creation of 66 local regiments, with two batallions each

Question 26

how did STEEL contribute to development of weapons

Answer 26

development of casting steel due to new manufacturing methods. made guns stronger and more capable of being rifled

Question 27

How did BRASS CARTRIDGES contribute to development of weapons

Answer 27

brass cartridges (one bullet and gunpowder in a brass case) allowed for breech loading guns. quicker and less dangerous

Question 28

how did SMOKELESS POWEDER contribute to developmetn of weapons

Answer 28

increased visibility on the battlefield

Question 29

How did MASS PRODUCTION contribute to development of weapons

Answer 29

more weapons could be produced faster than ever before

Question 30

how did civilian experience of warfare change in the industrial period

Answer 30

1) taxes
2) requisitioning of food and supplies
3) increased news civilians recieved about wars
4) photographs (propaganda)