The Indian Wars Flashcards
What were the events of little crows war?
1861 bad harvest in the reservation system leaving 12,000 Sanger Sioux unable to buy food
Indians attack the agency
700 white settlers killed
What were the consequences of little crows war?
October 1866 2000 Dante Sioux are captured
303 are sentenced to death but later reduced to 38
Remainder transferred to different reservations
When was Red Clouds war?
1865-68
What were the events of red clouds war?
1862- gold in the Rockys
Government fail to stop miners crossing Sioux land
Sioux arrack travellers
Government open peace talk but then order building of forts causing red cloud to attack
What were the events of the Great Sioux war?
1874- clusters exposition to see if there was gold in the black hills
Sioux refused offer of 6 million for the black hills
December 1875- Sioux ordered to return to reservations
February 1876- treat all Indians outside reservations as hostile
Battle of bighorn 1876
What were the consequences of red clouds war?
1868- realised Sioux couldn’t be defeated
Alternate route opened
Government withdrew from forts
Great Sioux reservations were created
What were the consequences of the great Sioux war?
New of defeat on the 4th July 1876 - 100 th anniversary of independence
Little bands of Indians attacked during winter 1876-77
Sitting bull escaped to Canada
May 5th 1877 crazy horse surrendered
Why did the army suffer a defeat at the battle of Little Bighorn?
Custer - refused guns and reinforcements, didn't follow orders, pushed men too hard, divided command, arrived day early No communication Bigger number of Indians Battle of rosebud Sioux had better weapons Indians stood and fought
What happened at the battle of wounded knee?
Soldiers disarmed the Sioux and after a confusion they started firing
146 Indians and 46 soldiers died
Marked the end of Indian wars
What was the ghost dance?
To bring back buffalo and dead Indians
Robots received a vision
When was little crows war?
1861-62
Who were the negotiators?
Mainly live in eat have some understanding of the Indian way of life
Believe Indian affairs should be kept to the Indian bureau
Want to transform Indians to Christian farmers by education
Who were the exterminators?
Mainly live in the west - most to gain from removal of Indians
Only solution is to destroy Indians
What were the strengths of the U.S. Army?
Forts- never captures
Indian scouts- knowledge of tactics
Total war- destroy food and shelter, give Indians choice of reservations s or starvation
Winter campaigns- defeat in winter when vulnerable
What were the weakness of the U.S. Army?
Enlisted men- poor quality, addicted to drink
Civil war- regular troops withdrawn, volunteers lack discipline
