The Importance Of Understanding the Science of Exercise Flashcards
Exercise is known to what? And to enhance what?
Exercise is known to improve the heart and blood system and to enhance muscular athletic ability.
Exercise prevents what? And boosts what?
Exercise prevents the onset of brain diseases and boosts the effectiveness of the immune system.
Over time with regular exercise, the blood supply to the active muscles ____, which __________.
improves, which causes the capillaries to respond more quickly to the requirements of the muscles.
Physical activity enhances the what? What happens due to this?
Physical activity enhances the mechanical effectiveness of the heart by enhancing the volume of blood that can be pumped. Due to this, training and exercise helps the heart learn to more quickly adapt to exertion.
What does physical activity increase the mechanical strength of? Allowing the heart to do what?
Physical activity increases the mechanical strength of the muscle fiber and its surrounding membrane, allowing the heart to withstand the stresses of intense effort without injury.
Exercise has been known to strengthen bones by? How?
Exercise has been known to strengthen bones by causing an increase in the bone mineral density by increasing the rate at which minerals like calcium are deposited in the bones.
Since bones naturally become weaker as people age, older adults are..
At a high risk for bones fractures.
While older adults are at a high risk for bone fractures, moderate to strenuous exercise has been known to..
Reduce the risk of older adults getting a fracture in the heels, hips, and other bones.
Exercise protects what? And helps to improve what?
Exercise protects the brain and nervous system and helps to improve brain and nerve function.
Research has shown that regular exercise can protect cells in the brain and ___. What does this mean?
nerves from the injury or erosion that normally occurs with neurodegenerative and neuromuscular disorders like Alzheimer’s and MS. This means that exercise can also minimize the risk of dementia.
Exercise and other physical activity can enhance nerve growth factors which are known to ____. This stimulation of nerve cell growth leads to ___. This exercise induced improvement in mental health also helps to ___.
Support the endurance and growth of several nerve cells.
Increased brain functioning through improvement of certain types of learning.
Prevent depression.
Can exercising on a regular basis boost the immune system?
Yes.
What is the immune system?
It is a natural defense mechanism used to ward off foreign organisms, viruses and chemicals.
Though exercise does not enhance the normal functioning of the immune system, exercise does ____.
Strengthen it in times of illness or chronic diseases such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and heart disease.
How is exercise believed to encourage strong immune responses?
By increasing antibody and immune cell responses.
