The impact of Industrialisation Flashcards
When was the first bank in England established?
1694
How many banks were there by 1794?
119
How many banks were there by 1808?
800
When were county banks allowed to issue bank notes?
1794
When were caps on joint stock banking removed?
1826
Which act allowed joint stock banking and when?
banking co-partnership Act-1826
By 1866, how many stock banks were there, with how many branches nationwide?
154 stock banks
850 branches nationwide
In 1750, which two cities were the only two cities to have a population of over 50,000?
London and Edinburgh
By 1851 how many cities had a population over 100,000?
29
What was the population of London by 1851?
over 2.3 million
How much did carpenters’ wages between 1765 to 1795 increase by?
from 64% to 88%
Whose factories in Staffordshire saw wages rise more rapidly than any general labour?
Wedgewood’s factories
What was the rate that Urban areas grew by between 1801-51?
23% to 29%
By 1800 what percent of people lived in towns, what was this percentage by 1880?
25% and 80%
What did trade and transport grow from between 1760 to 1860 due to national capital invest in industry?
from 5% to 26%
How many miles of track was built in Britain by 1850?
600 miles
How many miles of canals were there by the 1820s?
4000 miles
How many miles were there of turnpike roads by 1836?
22,00 miles
What were the names of the houses being built in the late 1700s?
back-to-back houses
What caused respiratory problems in these houses?
use of candles and oil lamps created smokey atmospheres
Why was the water supply sanitation bad?
people got water from the same pumps and the draining system couldn’t cope with the amount of waste
Why was the communal privies bad?
they were emptied into cesspits, these cesspits were open air sewage, if one leaked, it could contaminate water supplies
Where and when was the first cholera outbreak, how many killed?
Sunderland 1831, 32,000 deaths within a year
How many workers were there in 1851 and how many worked in textile factories?
9.7 million, 6% worked in textile factories
Where did workers obtain water from?
standpipes in the streets, they were only turned on for limited time per a day
How many inspectors were there to cover 4000 textile mills?
4
Which act was the first to mention women?
1842 mines act which allowed them to work with children underground
The 1844 factory act allowed women to work a maximum of how long per a day?
12 hours
What type of work was forbidden for women?
night work
In the 1847 factory Act, what were the hours per a day for working women?
10 hours
What were women restricted to for hours in 1853?
10 1/2 hour days
In 1833, children under what age were not allowed to work?
9
How long were children 9-12 allowed to work per a day?
1 hour a day
Factory owners had to keep a register of what?
children
In the 1844 factory act, children under the age of what were allowed to work, and for how long?
under the age of 8 were allowed to work half days
Children aged 13-18 were allowed to work a maximum of how many hours?
12 hours a day
In the 1847 factory Act, children were allowed to work how many hours a day?
10 hours a day
