The Impact Of Development On The Environment Of Two Or More Countries Flashcards
1
Q
Outline water issues in SSA
A
- 300 million live without direct access
- Every 20 seconds a child in SSA dies of diarrhoea
- Water borne diseases in SSA account for 20% world’s diseases
- Average American uses 176 gallons per day, African family just 5 gallons
- 40 billion hours per year spent walking for water
2
Q
Outline lead poisoning in Nigeria’s gold mines
A
- Northern Nigeria, lead particles released from boulders containing gold
- Worst lead poisoning on planet
- Dozens of children dead in 6 villages, others suffering ‘irreparable’ brain damage
3
Q
What is agro-industrialisation?
A
- Form of modern farming
- Industrialised production of livestock, poultry, fish and crops
4
Q
Give 3 environmental effects of agro-industrialisaton
A
- Land overworked and soil erosion increases
- Fertilisers and pesticides washed into water sources, leading to eutrophication
- Mechanisation lead to significant increase in energy consumption. Increase land, air and water pollution
5
Q
Give 5 advantages of GM crops
A
- Less chemical fertilisers needed
- Resistance to diseases
- Sustainability of food production
- Lower cost food with longer shelf life
- Improved flavour and nutritional content
6
Q
Give 3 disadvantages of GM crops
A
- Cross contamination breeds ‘super weeds’, reducing biodiversity
- Allergies to food may increase
- Lack of testing makes people uneasy
7
Q
Give an example where GM crops have had a negative impact in SSA
A
Cotton, Burkina Faso:
- Monsanto cotton dumped on farmers without consultation
- Very poor yields
- Price for bag of GM seeds $58, normal $2
- Caterpillars returned, still need to pay for pesticides
8
Q
Give an example of an area where manufacturing and extractive industries have had a negative impact in SSA
A
Coal, South Africa:
- 85% energy comes from coal
- 2239 deaths per year
- 51% hospital admissions in Mpumalanga result of air pollution
- 996,628 lost working days
- Impacts of coal costs $2bn per year
