the immune system Flashcards

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1
Q

what happens when pathogens overcome all physical and chemical barriers?

A

immune system becomes active and attack pathogens

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2
Q

what are the molecules called on the outer surfaces of cells and virus particles?

A

antigens

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3
Q

what does the immune system antigens for?

A

to identify if something inside the body is a cell of the body or has come from outside (foreign)

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4
Q

give an example of white blood cells

A

lymphocytes

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5
Q

what molecules do lymphocytes have on their surfaces?

A

antibodies

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6
Q

what do antibodies do?

A

match the shape of antigens on the pathogen

stops pathogen from working

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7
Q

what happens to lymphocytes after they have matched the pathogens antigens?

A

it becomes activated and divides rapidly to produce identical lymphocytes with the same antibodies

these then spread to other parts of immune system destroying other matched pathogens

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8
Q

when all the pathogens have been killed , some lymphocytes with antibodies that match that pathogen’s antigens remain in the blood. what are they called?

A

memory lymphocytes

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9
Q

how will your body react if that pathogen attacks again?

A

memory lymphocytes mean that a much faster secondary response will happen that will stop you getting ill

YOU ARE IMMUNE TO THAT PARTICULAR PATHOGEN

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10
Q

name an artificial way to become immune to a pathogen

A

a vaccine

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11
Q

what does a vaccine contain?

A

weakened or inactive pathogens

bits of pathogen that include the antigens

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12
Q

how do you administrate a vaccine?

A

by injection or mouth

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