cardiovascular disease Flashcards

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1
Q

what can a diet high in sugars and fats lead to ?

A

obesity

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2
Q

what is obesity?

A

build up of excessive fats around organs such as the heart and kidneys and under the skin

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3
Q

why do we need some fat?

A

to cushion organs when we move

store some vitamins

provide a store of energy

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4
Q

what’s the result of cardiovascular disease?

A

circulatory system functioning poorly

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5
Q

what is a sign of cardiovascular disease and what can it lead to?

A

high blood pressure

heart pain / heart attack

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6
Q

what is the equation for body mass index?

A

BMI = mass(kg) / height (squared) (metres)

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7
Q

why do we use BMI?

A

to predict the amount of body fat

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8
Q

what is the best method for measuring abdominal fat?

A

(waist:hip) ratio

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9
Q

how do harmful substances in tobacco smoke damage the body?

A

absorbed from the lungs into the blood

damage blood vessels

increase blood pressure

make blood vessels narrower

increase risk of blood clots

ALL CAN LEAD TO CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE

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10
Q

how might a doctor advise a patient with high blood pressure to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease?

A

exercise more

give up smoking

(medicines-for very high blood pressure)

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11
Q

how might you treat a narrowed blood vessel?

A

insert a stent - a small mesh tube - to hold it open

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12
Q

how might you treat a blocked artery?

A

insert other blood vessels so heart tissue is supplied wth oxygen and nutrients again

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13
Q

what might be some life-long treatment?

A

may have to take medicines to help prevent a heart attack or stroke

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