The Immune System

Question 1

Function of the lymphatic system

Answer 1

1. Helps maintain body fluid balance
2. Lymphocytes mature and macrophages are stored in the lymph nodes

Question 2

First line of defence

Answer 2

Physical including skin, mucus

Question 3

Second line of defence

Answer 3

Non specific defences- if the invader lies within the body

Question 4

Third line of defence

Answer 4

Special defences ( antibody mediated immunity)

Question 5

Antibodies

Answer 5

Y shapes proteins designed to target foreign invaders
- specific
- tails of the antibodies are similar
- variation exists at the outer edge of each arm

Question 6

Antigen antibody

Answer 6

Attachment increases the size of the complex
- this large complex is more easily identified as the macrophage

Question 7

Helper T cells

Answer 7

Must read a blueprint of the invader before the B-cells produce antibodies
- the blueprint is saved even after the invader is destroyed
- immunity is based on adequate numbers of antibodies

Question 8

Memory T cells

Answer 8

Hold an imprint of the antigen or antigens which characterize the infections
- allows the body to act quickly if the antigen is present again

Question 9

Killer T cells

Answer 9

Bind with infected cells and destroy them by puncturing a hole in their cell membranes

Question 10

Suppressor T cells

Answer 10

Normally prevent the T cells and B cells from attacking the body

Question 11

Allergies

Answer 11

Occur when your immune system mistakes harmless cells for foreign invaders

Question 12

Autoimmune disease

Answer 12

The suppression T cells do not suppress T or B cells

Question 13

Vaccines

Answer 13

Dead ( mostly) forms of the virus arteries injected into patients
- essentially injecting antigens into the patient
- immune system builds antibodies to combat virus
- patient does not get ill because the virus is dead or weakened