The Human Organism and the Organization of Matter Chapter 1

Question 1

What is matter?

Answer 1

Matter is anything that has volume and mass

Question 2

What is the particle model?

Answer 2

The particle model is a scientific model based on the idea that matter is made up of small particles.

Question 3

What is an atom?

Answer 3

An atom is the smallest particle of matter.

Question 4

What are molecules?

Answer 4

Molecules are two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.

Question 5

What is a heterogenous mixture?

Answer 5

A heterogenous mixture is made up of two or more substances that CAN be distinguished by the naked eye.

Question 6

What is a homogenous mixture?

Answer 6

A homogenous mixture is made up of two or more substances that CANNOT be distinguished by the naked eye.

Question 7

What is concentration?

Answer 7

Concentration is the amount of solute dissolved in a solution.

Question 8

What is a mixture?

Answer 8

A mixture consists of at least 2 or more different substances. It contains at least two types of particles.

Question 9

What is a pure substance?

Answer 9

A pure substance contains only one substance and only one type of particle.

Question 10

What is Dilution?

Answer 10

Dilution is when more solvent is added to decrease the concentration.

Question 11

What is a saturated solution?

Answer 11

A saturated solution is the maximum amount solute that can be dissolved in.

Question 12

What is solubility?

Answer 12

Solubility is the amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent.

Question 13

What is a solution?

Answer 13

A solution is a homogenous mixture in which it’s impossible to distinguish its components even under a magnifying instrument. ex: Apple Juice

Question 14

What is a colloid?

Answer 14

A colloid is a homogenous mixture that has that can be distinguished under a magnifying instrument. Ex: Blood

Question 15

What are the phases of matter?

Answer 15

Solid, Liquid and Gas

Question 16

What are the characteristics of the Solid phase?

Answer 16

• It has a definite volume and shape.
• The particles are very close together and are bound by the forces of attraction.

Question 17

What are the characteristics of the Liquid phase?

Answer 17

• It has a definite volume but an undefined shape.
• The particles are close together but have some freedom. They roll over each other.

Question 18

What are the characteristics of the Gas phase?

Answer 18

• It has no definite shape or volume.
• The particles are not bound by the forces of attractions.
• The particles have complete freedom.

Question 19

Name 2 types of mixtures?

Answer 19

Homogenous and Heterogenous

Question 20

Name 2 examples of heterogenous mixtures?

Answer 20

Cereal with milk and a blueberry muffin.

Question 21

Name 2 examples of homogenous mixtures?

Answer 21

Tea and milk

Question 22

Name the 2 kind of pure substances.

Answer 22

A Compound and Element.

Question 23

What is a compound?

Answer 23

A compound is a pure substance that contains at least two types of atoms that have been chemically combined. Ex: . H20, CO2

Question 24

What is an element?

Answer 24

An element is a pure substance that contains only one type of atom. Ex: H2, O2

Question 25

What is the periodic table?

Answer 25

It is a table that contains all the elements that are arranged based on their properties.

Question 26

An important note about elements!

Answer 26

EVERY ELEMENT HAS A SYMBOL THAT BEGINS WITH A CAPITAL LETTER.

Question 27

An important note about elements!

Answer 27

PROPERTIES OF ELEMENTS CAN BE CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES;

Question 28

What are physical properties?

Answer 28

Physical properties help us to identify a pure substance without changing its nature during the process.

Question 29

Name four examples of physical properties.

Answer 29

1) Melting point 2) Boiling point 3) Density 4) Solubility

Question 30

What are chemical properties?

Answer 30

Chemical properties help us identify a substance. The nature of the substance may change.

Question 31

Name six examples of chemical properties.

Answer 31

1) Reaction with Litmus paper 2) Reaction with cobalt chloride 3) Reaction to open flame 4) Reaction of a glowing wood split 5) Reaction of a burning wood split 6) Limewater test

Question 32

Name 2 types things that are in a solution

Answer 32

Solute and Solvent

Question 33

What is a solute?

Answer 33

A solute is the substance being dissolved in another substance.

Question 34

What is a solvent?

Answer 34

A solvent is the substance the solute is being dissolved in.

Question 35

What is the equation for finding the concentration?

Answer 35

C=m/v

Question 36

Name 2 types of solvents.

Answer 36

Lipophilic and Hydrophilic.

Question 37

What is a lipophilic solvent?

Answer 37

The solute dissolves in oil.

Question 38

What is a hydrophilic solvent?

Answer 38

The solute dissolves in water.

Question 39

Name 6 of the separation methods?

Answer 39

1) Evaporation 2) Distillation 3) Centrifugation 4) Filtration 5) Decantation 6) Chromatography

Question 40

What is evaporation?

Answer 40

Separating solids from water by heating it.

Question 41

What is distillation?

Answer 41

Separating liquids with different boiling points.

Question 42

What is Centrifugation?

Answer 42

Machine: Centrifuge Separating the components of a liquid quickly.

Question 43

What is decantation?

Answer 43

Transferring clear liquid into another container after the contents settle to the bottom.

Question 44

What is filtration?

Answer 44

Seperating solid particles from a liquid.

Question 45

What is Chromatography?

Answer 45

Separated by the colour pigments.