The Human Digestive System

Question 1

The digestive system is an example of an organ system in which…?

Answer 1

Several organs work together to digest and absorb food.

Question 2

Enzymes are…?

Answer 2

SPECIFIC

Question 3

Enzymes _________ specific reactions in ___________ organisms due to the shape of their ________ site

Answer 3

Catalyse
Living
Active

Question 4

Digestive enzymes convert food into small soluble ___________ that can be absorbed into the _____________

Answer 4

Molecules

Bloodstream

Question 5

Carbohydrases break down carbohydrates into…?

Answer 5

Simple sugars

Question 6

Amylase is a carbohydrase which breaks down…?

Answer 6

Starch

Question 7

Pro teases break down proteins into…?

Answer 7

Simple sugars

Question 8

Lipases break down lipids into…?

Answer 8

Glycerol and fatty acids

Question 9

The products of digestion are used to build new ______________, lipids and _________. Some _________ is used in respiration.

Answer 9

Carbohydrates
Proteins
Glucose

Question 10

Where is bile made and stored?

Answer 10

Made in liver

Stored in gall bladder

Question 11

Why is bile alkaline?

Answer 11

To neutralise hydrochloric acid from the stomach

Question 12

What does bile do to fat?

Answer 12

Emulsifies the fat to form small droplets which increases the surface area.

Question 13

What increases the fat breakdown of lipase?

Bile and lipids

Answer 13

The alkaline conditions and large surface area

Question 14

What is metabolism?

Answer 14

The sum of all the chemical reactions in the body or the cell

Question 15

Enzymes form a ____ and the reactants(__________) go into the site. The part of the enzyme to which the reactant ______ is called the ______ ______

Answer 15

Site
Substrates
Binds
Active site

Question 16

What is the rate calculation for chemical reactions?

Answer 16

Time taken

Question 17

Explain the lock and key theory

Answer 17

In the way a key fits into a lock, a substrate is thought to fit into an enzymes plastic site. The enzyme is the LOCK, the reactant is the KEY

Question 18

Where is amylase produced?

Answer 18

Pancreas
Mouth
Small intestine

Question 19

Where are proteases produced?

Answer 19

Pancreas
Small intestine
Stomach

Question 20

Where are lipases produced?

Answer 20

Pancreas

Small intestine

Question 21

Where are caebohydrases produced?

Answer 21

Pancreas

Small intestine

Question 22

What pH does amylase work at?

Answer 22

pH 7

Question 23

What pH do lipids work at?

Answer 23

pH 7/8

Question 24

What pH do proteases work at?

Answer 24

pH 2 in the stomach

pH 7/8 in the pancreas/small intestine

Question 25

What pH do carbohydrases work at?

Answer 25

pH 7/8

Question 26

Describe the nature of enzyme molecules and relate their activity to temperature and pH changes

Answer 26

Enzymes are proteins. They are sensitive to temperature and pH. At high temperatures, they get denatured and at lower temperatures, they don't work as well as they would at their optimum.