The Human Defence System

Question 1

Pathogen

Answer 1

A pathogen is an organism that causes disease

Question 2

Immunity

Answer 2

Immunity is the ability to resist infection

Question 3

General Defence System

Answer 3

The general defence system acts as a barrier to all pathogens attempting to gain entry to the human body

Question 4

Specific Defence System

Answer 4

The specific defence system attacks particular (or specific) pathogens

Question 5

Antigen

Answer 5

An antigen is a foreign molecule that stimulates the production of antibodies

Question 6

Antibody

Answer 6

An antibody is a protein produced by white blood cells (called lymphocytes) in response to a specific antigen

Question 7

Induced Immunity

Answer 7

Induced immunity is the ability to resist disease caused by specific pathogens by the production of antibodies

Question 8

Active Immunity

Answer 8

Active immunity involves the production of a person’s own antibodies in response to foreign antigens that enter the body

Question 9

Natural Active Immunity

Answer 9

Natural active immunity occurs when a pathogen enters the body in the normal way (i.e. when you get an infection)

Question 10

Artificial Active Immunity

Answer 10

Artificial active immunity occurs when a pathogen is medically introduced into the body

Question 11

Vaccine

Answer 11

A vaccine is a non disease-causing does of a pathogen (or its toxin), which triggers the production of antibodies

Question 12

Passive Immunity

Answer 12

Passive immunity occurs when individuals are given antibodies that were formed by another organism

Question 13

Natural Passive Immunity

Answer 13

Natural passive immunity occurs when a child gets antibodies from its mother

Question 14

Artificial Passive Immunity

Answer 14

Artificial passive immunity occurs when a person is given an injection containing antibodies made by another organism

Question 15

Vaccination

Answer 15

Vaccination is the administration (usually by injection) or a non-disease-causing dose of a pathogen (or its toxin) to stimulate the production of antibodies

Question 16

Immunisation

Answer 16

Immunisation occurs when we produce or are injected with antibodies against a pathogen

Question 17

Plasma B Cells

Answer 17

Plasma B cells produce antibodies

Question 18

Memory B Cells

Answer 18

Memory B cells survive for years after the infection is eliminated and can make the specific antibody if the same infection later enters the body

Question 19

Helper T Cells

Answer 19

Helpter T cells stimulate B cells and killer T cells

Question 20

Killer T Cells

Answer 20

Killer T cells destroy abnormal human body cells

Question 21

Suppressor T Cells

Answer 21

Suppressor T cells inhibit the immune response

Question 22

Memory T Cells

Answer 22

Memory T cells survive for years after the infection is eliminated and can stimulate the specific B cells and killer T cells if the same infection later enters the body