DNA and RNA Flashcards
Heredity
Heredity is the passing on of features from parents to offspring by means of genes
Genes
A gene is a section of DNA that causes the production of a protein
Gene Expression
Gene expression is the way in which the genetic information in a gene is decoded in the cell and used to make a protein
Characterisitics
Characteristics are traits or features that are inherited genetically
Non-Coding DNA
Non-coding DNA is DNA that does not cause the production of a protein
Genetic Code
The genetic code is the sequence of bases in DNA that provide the instruction for a cell to form a protein
Triplet / Codon
A triplet or codon is a sequence of three bases in DNA (or RNA) that act as a code for an amino acid
DNA Profile
A DNA profile is a method of making a unique pattern of bands from the DNA of a person, which can then be used to compare with the DNA profile of another person
Forensic Medicine
Forensic medicine is the way in which medical knowledge is used in legal situations
Genetic Screening
Genetic screening means testing DNA for the presence or absence of a particular gene or an altered gene
Transcription
Transcription is the copying of a sequence of genetic bases from DNA onto messenger RNA (mRNA)
Translation
Translation is the conversion of a sequence of genetic bases on messenger RNA into a sequence of amino acids
Purines and Pyrimidines
The purines are Adenine (A) and Guanine (G)
The pyrimidines are Thymine (T) and Cytosine (C)
Anticodon
An anticodon is a sequence of three bases on tRNA that are complementary to a sequence of three bases on mRNA
