The Holocaust Key Terms/words Flashcards
Holocaust definition
Destruction of a vast group of people, especially Jewish people. Slaughter on a mass scale.
Genocide definition
Killing off a race of people
Aryan race definition
A race concept that describes people who descend from proto-Indo-Europeans. (The superior German race)
Anti semitism definition
Hatred/prejudice / hostility against Jews.
Social Darwinism definition
The idea that certain people become powerful because they are innately better because of race. E.g. Germans believing aryans are better.
Concentration camp definition
A place in which large numbers of people, especially political prisoners , are deliberately imprisoned in a relatively small area with inadequate facilities, sometimes to provide forced labour or to await mass execution
Extermination camp definition
Extermination camps were used by the Nazis from 1941 to 1945 to murder Jews
Name an extermination camp/concentration camp
Auschwitz
Germans thought Jews were inferior and sub human. What is this in German
Unter menschen = sub human
What was the SS
The elite guard of the nazi regime (schutzstaffe)
What were deaths head squads
SS units assigned to guard concentration camps.
The section of the SS in charge of the nazi camps.
Who was himmler
The leader of the SS
Who organised the holocaust
Heydrich and Eichmann
When and where was the holocaust planned
The Wannsee conference in January 1942
What is the final solution
Another term for the holocaust. Nazi policy of exterminating European Jews introduced by Heinrich Himmler
Cattle wagon
How prisoners were transported to camps
Selection
On arrival prisoners are divided up by gender.
Unfit
Unable to work for nazis
Gas chambers
Unfit sent here
Zyklon b
Gas used to kill unfit. Cyanide based pesticide invented in 1920 Germany
Fit
Able to work for Nazis
Shaved
Hair removed and used to make their socks
Tattoos
Dehumanises them by number identity.
Showers
Try to control body lice
Striped pyjamas
Camp uniform
Whistles
Marks start of prisoners day
Blocks
Living centre for prisoners (cold + cramped)
Mattress + blanket
Up to 8 prisoners shared one
Roll calls
Counting prisoners ( rarely to set any free)
Selection of fit or unfit
Unfit were killed in front of everyone for authority
Watery soup
Basic food offered to prisoners
Hard labour / kanada section
Prisoners jobs, best jobs were indoors as it’s warmer and less guards.
Arbeit macht frei
Work makes one free- German phrase
When were the Nuremberg trials
1945-1949
Who organised the Nuremberg trials
France, USA, uk, russia
What were the crimes people were put in trial for or killed for at the Nuremberg trials
Crimes against humanity (holocaust).
War crimes (killing prisoners).
Crimes against peace (starting war).
What were the Nuremberg trials
Trial of Nazi war criminals
When were the Nuremberg laws
1935
When was the Wannsee conference
1942
When was the night of broken glass
1938
When was the liberation of Auschwitz
1945
When was the opening of dachau
1933
When was the boycott of Jewish shops
1933
