The Hip Flashcards
What type of joint is the hip
Synovial ball and socket
What increases the depth of the acetabulum
Acetabular labrum and transverse acetabular ligament
Where is the head of the femur not covered by articular cartilage and why
Fovea (pit) for the ligament of the head of femur
At what angle is the femur neck shaft to the femur shaft
130o
To what degree is the femur anteverted
15
to what degree is the acetabulum anteverted
20
What are the ligaments of the hip joint and what is their function
Iliofemoral - prevents hyperextension of the hip
Pubofemoral - prevents overabduction and hyperextension of hip
Ischiofemoral - prevents hyperextension and holds femoral head in acetabulum
What are the static and dynamic stabilisers of the hip
Static
- Bony Morphology (congruence, anteversion of ball and socket)
- Labrum
- -ve intra-articular pressure
Dynamic - musculature
What are the hip flexors - name their innervation, origin and insertion
All femoral nerve
Iliopsoas - L-spine + iliac blade –> lesser trochanter
Rectus Femoris - AIIS + supra-acetabular tubercle –> pes anserinus
Sartorius - ASIS –> pes anserinus
Pectinus - pectineal line of pubis –> pectineal line of femur
What is the pes anserinus
Conjoined tendons of sartorius, gracilis and semitendinosus which insert onto the anteromedial surface of the proximal tibia
What are the hip extensors - name their innervation, origin and insertion
All sciatic nerve, except Glut Max = Inf. Glut n.
Glut. Max - ilium + dorsal sacrum –> ITB + GT
Semitendinosus - ischial tub. –> pes anserinus
Semimembranosus - ischial tub. –> medial condyle of tibia
Biceps femoris - ischial tub. –> fibula head + lat. tibia
Hip abductors - innervation, origin and insertion
Superior gluteal nerve
Glut Med - ilium –> GT
Glut Min - ilium –> GT
Tensor Fascia Latae - iliac crest –> Gerdy’s tub. / ITB
Hip adductors - innervation, origin and insertion
Obturator nerve (adductor Magnus also has sciatic input)
Adductor Longus - pubis –> linea aspera
Adductor Brevis - inf. pubic rams –> pectineal line + linea aspera
Adductor Magnus - pubic ramus + ischial tub. –> adductor tub.
Gracilis - body + inf. pubic rams –> pes anserinus
Hip Internal rotators - innervation, origin and insertion
Superior gluteal nerve
Ant. fibres of glut. med. - ilium –> GT
Tensor Fascia Latae - iliac crest –> Gerdy’s tubercle
Hip External Rotators - innervation, origin and insertion
Glut. Max - sup. glut n. - dorsal sacrum + ilium –> GT + ITB
Piriformis - n. to piriformis - ant. sacrum –> sup. greater troch.
Obturator Externus - ob. n. - ob. mem. –> medial GT
Obturator Internus - n. to ob. int. - ob. mem. –> medial GT
Sup. Gemellus - n. to ob int. - ischial spine –> medial GT
Inf. Gemellus - n. to quad fem - ischial tub. –> medial GT
Quad. Fem. - n. to quad fem. - ischial tub. –> intertroch. crest
